电化学沉积法制备ZnO纳米材料及其光催化性质研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 18:34

【摘要】： 随着工业和经济的发展,全球环境污染日益严重,光催化法降解有机污染物是目前解决这一问题最有效的途径。半导体催化降解有机物具有操作简便、适用范围广、无毒无害、不造成二次污染等优点,为此越来越受到人们的重视。目前被广泛研究和应用的光催化剂是TiO_2,但TiO_2是间接带隙半导体,电子跃迁几率低,在光催化反应过程中反应速率较慢。与TiO_2相比,ZnO是直接带隙半导体,有着更高的量子效率;而且ZnO中存在较多的氧空位,能够形成电子陷阱,因而加速电子-空穴对的分离,提高光催化活性,这对于ZnO做为光催化剂的研究具有很强的现实意义。 本文利用三电极的电化学沉积系统,以ITO导电玻璃为衬底,制备了ZnO纳米材料、Mg掺杂的ZnO纳米材料及Co掺杂的ZnO纳米材料,采用SEM、XRD、EDS、XPS、PL等测试手段对样品的形貌、结构和光学性质进行表征,研究了掺杂前后ZnO纳米材料对甲基橙光催化效果的变化,并对催化机理进行了分析。结果表明,制备的ZnO纳米材料具有良好的晶体质量,Mg~(2+)、Co~(2+)已经成功掺杂到ZnO晶格中。与未掺杂的ZnO相比,Mg掺杂后的纳米ZnO对甲基橙的光催化效率有很大提高;而Co掺杂的纳米ZnO催化效果未见明显改变。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry and economy, the global environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants is the most effective way to solve this problem. Semiconductor catalytic degradation of organic compounds has many advantages, such as simple operation, wide range of application, non-toxic and harmless, no secondary pollution and so on, so people pay more and more attention to it. At present, the widely studied and applied photocatalyst is TiOCO2, but TiO_2 is an indirect band-gap semiconductor with low electron transition probability and slow reaction rate during photocatalytic reaction. Compared with TiO_2, TiO_2 is a direct band-gap semiconductor with higher quantum efficiency, and there are more oxygen vacancies in ZnO, which can form electron traps, thus accelerating the separation of electron-hole pairs and improving photocatalytic activity. This is of great practical significance for the study of ZnO as photocatalyst. In this paper, ZnO nanomaterials doped with mg and Co doped ZnO nanomaterials were prepared on ITO conductive glass substrate by a three-electrode electrochemical deposition system. The structure and optical properties were characterized, and the photocatalytic effect of ZnO nanomaterials on methyl orange was studied before and after doping, and the catalytic mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the prepared ZnO nanomaterials have good crystal quality, Mg2 and Co2 have been successfully doped into the ZnO lattice. Compared with the undoped ZnO, the photocatalytic efficiency of nanocrystalline ZnO doped with MgO is much higher than that of the undoped ZnO, but the catalytic effect of Co doped ZnO is not obviously changed.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：O614.241;O643.36

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