论协商民主在我国的发展及其完善

发布时间：2018-08-09 20:23

【摘要】： 协商民主理论是兴起于20世纪80年代的一种理论,是政治学家针对自由主义民主或选举民主过于强调自由而忽视平等倾向的一种修正,是民主理论在当代的新发展。协商民主作为一种民主的决策体制或理性的决策形式,每个公民可以自由地表达自己的意见并倾听别人的观点,都能平等地参与公共政策的制定过程,包括对道德问题提供协商的空间,在理性的讨论和协商中做出大家都能接受的决策。我国社会正处于一个由传统社会向现代化社会转变、由计划经济向市场经济转变、由封闭文化向开放文化转变的社会进步过程中,社会利益关系更为复杂,新矛盾、新问题层出不穷,为提高我国政治体制的社会适应性和有效性,就必须切实推进民主政治的发展。协商民主与目前我国社会结构和价值观念的多样性相适应,与中国传统“和谐”的政治文化相适应。协商民主在中国的运用可以在一定程度上缓解选举民主的压力,对现阶段中国民主政治建设具有特定的理论价值和实践指导意义,很值得我们思考与研究。本文的研究目的是在理论分析和调查研究的基础上,根据协商民主在中国发展现状、遇到的问题,以协商民主理论和政治参与理论的相关知识为分析工具,为中国发展具有中国特色的协商民主探索一条有效的实现路径,从制度和利益以及文化层面促进中国的民主进程,最终促进国家、社会的全面发展。写作运用的具体研究手段主要有两项,一是文献法,通过多种渠道广泛收集尽可能全面的相关文献,了解和吸收90年代以来国内外理论界关于协商民主理论的研究成果,为论文的撰写提供充足的理论支撑。二是比较分析法,探讨当代中国与西方在协商民主问题上之异同,以便学习和借鉴西方协商民主的理论成果和实践形式。在对中国民主协商实然分析的基础上,推动中国民主协商的实践,促进中国民主政治发展。本文以中国当前的协商民主现状为研究对象,以中国发展协商民主取得的成绩为研究的入手点,以现在协商民主在中国发展遇到的问题为研究的关键点,借助协商民主理论和政治参与理论的相关知识,从制度方面、人民政协、扩大公民有序参与具体方式上提出了解决途径,比较系统、深入地研究中国特色协商民主的实现路径问题,体现多学科的交叉研究,拓展协商民主研究的新领域。
[Abstract]:The theory of deliberative democracy is a kind of theory that arose in the 1980s. It is a kind of revision that political scientists focus too much on liberal democracy or electoral democracy while neglecting the tendency of equality. It is a new development of democratic theory in the contemporary era. As a democratic decision-making system or a form of rational decision-making, each citizen can freely express his or her views and listen to the views of others, and participate equally in the process of making public policies. This includes providing room for negotiation on ethical issues and making decisions that are acceptable to all in rational discussions and negotiations. Our society is in the process of changing from traditional society to modern society, from planned economy to market economy and from closed culture to open culture. In order to improve the social adaptability and effectiveness of China's political system, it is necessary to promote the development of democratic politics. The deliberative democracy adapts to the diversity of social structure and values in our country and to the traditional "harmonious" political culture of China. The application of deliberative democracy in China can alleviate the pressure of electoral democracy to a certain extent. It has special theoretical value and practical guiding significance for the construction of democratic politics in China at present, which is worthy of our consideration and study. On the basis of theoretical analysis and investigation and research, the purpose of this paper is to use the relevant knowledge of the theory of deliberative democracy and the theory of political participation as an analytical tool according to the current situation and problems encountered in the development of deliberative democracy in China. To explore an effective way to realize the development of China's deliberative democracy with Chinese characteristics, to promote the democratic process in China from the aspects of system, interests and culture, and finally to promote the all-round development of the country and society. There are mainly two specific research methods used in writing. One is the literature method, which collects as comprehensive relevant documents as possible through a variety of channels, so as to understand and absorb the research results of the domestic and foreign theorists on the theory of deliberative democracy since the 1990s. To provide sufficient theoretical support for the writing of the paper. The second is comparative analysis to explore the similarities and differences between contemporary China and the West on the issue of deliberative democracy in order to learn and learn from the theoretical achievements and practical forms of western deliberative democracy. On the basis of analyzing the reality of China's democratic consultation, the practice of China's democratic consultation is promoted and the development of Chinese democratic politics is promoted. This paper takes the current situation of China's consultative democracy as the object of study, the achievements of China's development of consultative democracy as the starting point, and the problems encountered in the development of consultative democracy in China as the key points. With the help of the relevant knowledge of the theory of deliberative democracy and the theory of political participation, in terms of the system, the CPPCC, and the specific ways to expand the orderly participation of citizens, it has put forward a solution and a relatively systematic approach. This paper deeply studies the realization path of consultative democracy with Chinese characteristics, embodies the interdisciplinary research, and expands the new field of the research on deliberative democracy.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D627

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