和谐社会视域中当代中国法治文化的生成

发布时间：2018-08-29 11:32

【摘要】：和谐思想一直是人类孜孜以求的理想状态,和谐社会的构想古今中外学者探讨更是从未止息。在中国传统文化的和谐思想中重视人与自然的和谐、人与人的和谐等和谐观念至今光辉四射,但也存在着的牺牲个人利益,缺乏社会公平和正义的局限性;西方哲学家、社会学家们从社会制度、社会秩序、社会与经济的关系等等社会领域的不同层面对和谐社会进行了卓有成效的探讨,但与中国社会主义和谐社会却存在本质差别;空想社会主义和谐社会的构想虽不乏真知灼见,却归诸于抽象的理性和人性,未能建立在科学的基础上;只有马克思和恩格斯的和谐社会理论为当代中国构建和谐社会奠定了科学的理论基础,以胡锦涛同志为核心的中国共产党的第四代领导集体更是提出建设社会主义和谐社会应是民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的科学论断。法治文化作为一个国家法治建设的精神意蕴和心理基础,是法治社会中最高层次的理念问题。以民主法治为首要特征的和谐社会也同样呼唤法治文化,促使民众生成对法律的认同感和对法治的信服感,为和谐社会的构建提供精神动力。在了解西方法治理论和中国传统法治理论的发展进程及其差异后,探讨了法治文化的概念和特征,针对现今构建和谐社会进程中法治文化缺乏以及盲目尊崇西方法治文化态度的现状,以促使社会主义和谐社会法治文化生成为目的,从恩格斯的两种生产理论的理论视角,比较分析了中西方法治理论和法治文化差异产生的根源,即物质资料生产及人类自身生产对中西方法治文化产生了不同的影响,在中国就表现为家国合一的大一统的传统格局,决定了我们文化的基本类型,左右着各民族及其各项政治制度的安排。今天我们构建和谐社会,必须要生成社会主义和谐社会法治文化,这种法治文化的精神内核——“和谐”,既是对不同文化的和谐包容,又是与和谐社会的内在统一;这种法治文化的价值核心——“公平正义”,只有通过公平正义的民主法治的保障才能实现人与社会的和谐;这种法治文化的法律效力来源——“人民主权”,国家的一切权力都是人民授予的,国家权力为人民服务,以宪法和法律为依据,以民主为核心,以保障人权为目的理念。在文章的最后,笔者在对中国和谐社会法治文化的内涵理解的基础上,尝试性地为促进和谐社会法治文化的生成提供了政府引导、多方面教育宣传和社会公众参与三条路径。这三条路径在促进和谐社会法治文化生成过程中相互联系相互影响,其中政府的引导包括为法治文化的生成创设制度条件和倡导和谐社会法治文化核心理念是基础,教育宣传包括普法教育宣传和法治文化熏陶是重要因素,而通过社会公众参与,培养公民的积极权利观念、法律至上观念、守法观念,使公民意识增强则是关键,以期在社会主义和谐社会视域中对中国和谐社会法治文化的生成有所裨益。
[Abstract]:The idea of harmony has always been an ideal state pursued by mankind, and the idea of a harmonious society has never ceased to be explored by scholars both at home and abroad. Western philosophers and sociologists have made fruitful discussions on harmonious society from different aspects of social system, social order, the relationship between society and economy, but there are essential differences between them. But attributed to abstract rationality and human nature, it can not be built on the basis of science; only Marx and Engels'harmonious society theory has laid a scientific theoretical foundation for contemporary China to build a harmonious society, and the fourth generation of the CPC leadership group with Comrade Hu Jintao as the core has put forward that building a socialist harmonious society should be. It is a scientific conclusion that democracy and rule of law, fairness and justice, honesty and fraternity, vitality, stability and order, and harmonious coexistence between man and nature. This paper discusses the concept and characteristics of the rule of law culture after understanding the development process and differences between the western rule of law theory and the traditional Chinese rule of law theory, aiming at the lack and blindness of the rule of law culture in the process of building a harmonious society. In order to promote the formation of the rule of law culture in a harmonious socialist society, this paper, from the perspective of Engels'two production theories, makes a comparative analysis of the root causes of the differences between Chinese and Western methodologies of governance and rule of law culture, i.e. the production of material resources and the production of human beings themselves, and the emergence of the rule of law culture between China and the West. In China, the traditional pattern of unification of the country and the country determines the basic types of our culture and influences the arrangements of the ethnic groups and their political systems.
In order to build a harmonious society today, we must create a socialist harmonious society ruled by law culture. The spiritual core of this kind of rule of law culture - "harmony" is not only the harmonious tolerance of different cultures, but also the internal unity with the harmonious society. Only by guaranteeing the rule of law can the harmony between man and society be realized; the legal effect of this culture of rule of law is derived from "people's sovereignty". All the powers of the state are granted by the people, the state power serves the people, takes the Constitution and law as the basis, takes democracy as the core, and guarantees human rights as the purpose idea. On the basis of the understanding of the connotation of the rule of law culture in a harmonious society of China, this paper tries to provide government guidance for the formation of the rule of law culture in a harmonious society, and three paths of education, publicity and public participation are provided. Including the creation of institutional conditions for the formation of the rule of law culture and advocating the core concept of a harmonious society is the foundation of the rule of law culture, education and propaganda, including the popularization of law education and the cultivation of the rule of law culture is an important factor, and through the participation of the public, the cultivation of citizens'positive concept of rights, the concept of the supremacy of law, the concept of law-abiding, and the enhancement of civic awareness are the The key is expected to benefit the formation of the rule of law culture in China's harmonious society from the perspective of socialist harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D920.0

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