电纺法制备银基导电纳米纤维及其性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-18 07:16
【摘要】：导电纳米纤维具有电导率高、柔韧性好、长径比大等优点,近年来受到了国内外研究学者的广泛关注。在众多制备导电纳米纤维的方法中,静电纺丝技术是最简单和最常用的方法之一。目前,采用静电纺丝技术制备的聚合物基导电纳米纤维的导电性和稳定性均较差,制备的铜基导电纳米纤维非常容易氧化且制备过程复杂,这些缺点严重限制了它们的应用。本文利用无颗粒型有机银导电油墨可以在中低温下还原成单质银的特点,结合静电纺丝技术,制备了具有良好导电性和稳定性的银基复合纳米纤维。本文制备了无颗粒型有机银导电油墨,并研究了不同银盐、胺类配体、还原剂种类对有机银导电油墨导电性及稳定性的影响。研究发现,采用硝酸银、异丙胺、乙二醇制备的有机银导电油墨的导电性和稳定性最佳。该导电油墨在150℃处理60 min后银纳米颗粒间空隙较少并且紧密烧结,方阻为0.8Ω/sq;该导电油墨具有较好的稳定性,可长期储存。进而用静电纺丝技术将制备的无颗粒型有机银导电油墨进行纺丝,制得了银基导电纳米纤维,并研究了PVP和PEO聚合物配比及含量、有机银导电油墨含量、环境湿度、煅烧温度对纺丝纤维的形貌及导电性的影响。研究发现,当纺丝溶液组分为8 wt%PVP、4 wt%PEO及含0.5 g硝酸银的有机银导电油墨时,纺丝纤维形貌和导电性能最佳。当纺丝溶液中有机银导电油墨含量较高时,纺丝出现严重的喷珠现象。当环境湿度较低时,纺丝纤维表面较为光滑,当环境湿度达到65%左右时,纤维表面开始出现孔洞并且纤维之间开始粘结。本文进一步研究了银基导电纳米纤维在PI和PET基底上的附着行为,制备出两种类型的导电薄膜,并研究了导电薄膜的耐温性、弯折性及附着性等性能。采用PI基底直接接收纺丝纤维制备导电薄膜,研究发现,经270℃煅烧60 min后导电薄膜的方阻为70Ω/sq;该导电薄膜中的银基导电纳米纤维部分嵌入PI基底中,银基导电纳米纤维中银纳米颗粒间紧密堆积但只有部分烧结,纤维直径较粗;该导电薄膜具有较高的耐温性、良好的弯折性和附着性。制备了自支撑银基导电纳米纤维,并将其附着在PET基底制备导电薄膜,研究发现,纺丝纤维经300℃煅烧60 min后,银基导电纳米纤维上银纳米颗粒紧密烧结,纤维直径较细;制备的导电薄膜的方阻为36Ω/sq,同时具有优异的弯折性和附着性。
[Abstract]:Conductive nanofibers have many advantages, such as high conductivity, good flexibility, high aspect ratio and so on, which have attracted extensive attention of researchers at home and abroad in recent years. Among the many methods of preparing conductive nanofibers, electrostatic spinning is one of the simplest and most commonly used methods. At present, the conductivity and stability of polymer-based conductive nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology are poor, and the preparation of copper-based conductive nanofibers is very easy to oxidize and the preparation process is complex. These shortcomings seriously limit their application. In this paper, silver based composite nanofibers with good electrical conductivity and stability were prepared by using the characteristics that non-granular organic silver conductive ink could be reduced to simple silver at medium and low temperature, combined with electrostatic spinning technology. In this paper, no granular organic silver conductive ink was prepared, and the effects of different silver salts, amine ligands and reductants on the conductivity and stability of organic silver conductive ink were studied. It was found that the conductive ink prepared by silver nitrate, isopropylamine and ethylene glycol had the best conductivity and stability. After 60 min treatment at 150 鈩，
本文编号：2278393
[Abstract]:Conductive nanofibers have many advantages, such as high conductivity, good flexibility, high aspect ratio and so on, which have attracted extensive attention of researchers at home and abroad in recent years. Among the many methods of preparing conductive nanofibers, electrostatic spinning is one of the simplest and most commonly used methods. At present, the conductivity and stability of polymer-based conductive nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology are poor, and the preparation of copper-based conductive nanofibers is very easy to oxidize and the preparation process is complex. These shortcomings seriously limit their application. In this paper, silver based composite nanofibers with good electrical conductivity and stability were prepared by using the characteristics that non-granular organic silver conductive ink could be reduced to simple silver at medium and low temperature, combined with electrostatic spinning technology. In this paper, no granular organic silver conductive ink was prepared, and the effects of different silver salts, amine ligands and reductants on the conductivity and stability of organic silver conductive ink were studied. It was found that the conductive ink prepared by silver nitrate, isopropylamine and ethylene glycol had the best conductivity and stability. After 60 min treatment at 150 鈩，
本文编号：2278393
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