大众传播视角下我国农村基层民主政治建设研究

发布时间：2018-11-12 14:04

【摘要】：随着社会经济的快速发展,人们对于信息的需求加大,大众传播的影响力与日俱增。同时,大众传播媒介也从报纸、广播和电视等传统媒介形式向网络、手机等新兴媒介过渡,逐步带领人们走进了一个新的大众传播时代,大众媒介作为信息传播的主要载体,已经成为社会生活中不可或缺的部分和不能忽视的重要力量。在我国民主政治发展的过程中,它对我国的基层民主建设发挥着至关重要的作用。在西方,大众传媒被奉为除行政、立法、司法以外的“第四种权力”。特别是在媒介高度发达的美国,它从总统选举到舆论监督甚至在整个国家的民主政治进程中都扮演着积极的角色。我国的大众传媒从建国初期的单一的发挥宣传功能,到逐渐成为党和人民的耳目喉舌,成为舆论监督的重要力量,在我国的基层民主建设中的作用发挥也有着全方位的体现。首先文章对农村基层民主发展的历程进行分析,从基层民主的法制化建设与发展和实践活动的不断深化两个方面进行阐述。并分析了基层民主发展过程中大众传播的嬗变,指出了大众传媒从党的耳目喉舌向社会舆论监督力量的转变,大众传媒中“把关人”和受众的变化对基层民主的发展发挥着积极的作用。其次,对农村基层民主与大众传播的关系进行了探讨,从大众传播参与基层民主的各种表现我们可以看出大众传播对基层民主的有着显著的促进作用,它能加速官方意见的普遍传播,影响选举,改善政治表达的途径,提供信息沟通渠道,实施舆论监督。并分别从大众传媒对个体和国家的角度来阐述了大众传媒的作用。在对个体的影响方面,指出主要是对民主意识的传播,形成个体的政治人格,引导民主政治态度和民主政治行为,激发民主参与的积极性。在对社会的影响方面,则侧重的是提供一个适合基层民主发展的气氛和环境和增加公民表达的普遍性。第三,从大众传播的视角分析了我国农村基层民主发展中的困境,指出民主信息传播不足、媒介监督体系缺失以及基层干部和村民对媒介利用效果不佳这三方面是造成基层民主发展受阻的主要因素。最后,文章试图从大众传播的视角,利用拉斯韦尔的“5W”传播模式作为研究框架,针对农村基层民主发展中的问题分别从传播者、传播内容、传播媒介、受众诸要素进行探索,提出了相应的对策和措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, people's demand for information is increasing, and the influence of mass communication is increasing day by day. At the same time, the mass media have also transitioned from the traditional forms of media such as newspapers, radio and television to new media such as the Internet, mobile phones and so on, leading people into a new era of mass communication, in which the mass media is the main carrier of information dissemination. Has become an indispensable part of social life and can not be ignored an important force. In the process of the development of democratic politics in China, it plays a vital role in the construction of democracy at the grass-roots level. In the West, mass media are regarded as "the fourth power" outside the executive, legislative, and judicial. Especially in the United States, where the media is highly developed, it plays an active role in the democratic political process of the whole country, from presidential election to public opinion supervision. The mass media of our country from the single propaganda function in the initial stage of the founding of the people to become the ear and eye of the party and the people, become the important force of the supervision of public opinion, and play an all-around role in the construction of democracy at the grass-roots level in our country. Firstly, the paper analyzes the course of the development of rural democracy at the grass-roots level, and expounds the legal construction and development of grass-roots democracy and the deepening of practical activities. It also analyzes the evolution of mass media in the process of the development of grass-roots democracy, and points out the transformation of mass media from the Party's eyes and ears to the power of supervision by public opinion. The change of gatekeeper and audience in mass media plays a positive role in the development of grassroots democracy. Secondly, the relationship between rural grass-roots democracy and mass communication is discussed. From the various manifestations of mass communication participating in grass-roots democracy, we can see that mass communication plays a significant role in promoting grass-roots democracy. It can speed up the general dissemination of official opinions, influence elections, improve the channels of political expression, provide channels of information communication, and carry out supervision by public opinion. And separately from the mass media to individual and national angle to expound the mass media's function. In the aspect of the influence on the individual, it is pointed out that it is mainly to spread the democratic consciousness, to form the individual's political personality, to guide the democratic political attitude and the democratic political behavior, and to stimulate the enthusiasm of democratic participation. In terms of its impact on society, emphasis is placed on providing an atmosphere and environment suitable for grass-roots democratic development and increasing the universality of civic expression. Third, from the perspective of mass communication, this paper analyzes the difficulties in the development of rural grass-roots democracy in China, and points out that the dissemination of democratic information is insufficient. The lack of media supervision system and the poor effect of grassroots cadres and villagers on media utilization are the main factors that hinder the development of grass-roots democracy. Finally, from the perspective of mass communication, the article tries to use the "5W" communication model of Raswell as the research framework, aiming at the problems in the development of rural grass-roots democracy from the communicator, the content, the media, respectively. Audience elements of exploration, put forward the corresponding countermeasures and measures.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G206;D422.6

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