一步法制备与表征多重纳米复合物及其电化学性质研究
发布时间：2018-11-13 19:06
【摘要】：纳米复合材料由于其具有不同于单个组分的物理和化学性质而成为研究热点。尤其是其在催化、生物传感、表面增强拉曼等分析检测方面有广泛的应用前景。导电聚合物和贵金属的复合材料由于具有独特的结构及其光、电、磁等独特性质,使它在能源、信息、光电子器件、化学和生物传感器、电磁屏蔽、隐身技术以及金属腐蚀防护等领域具有广阔的应用前景。普鲁士蓝具有优良的电化学可逆性,高度的稳定性,容易制备,且制备成本低等优点被广泛用于电化学的电极修饰材料。它作为电子传递的良好媒介,可降低氧化还原物质特别是过氧化物电化学反应的过电位。 本论文基于导电聚合物和贵金属复合材料特殊的性质以及普鲁士蓝的电催化活性而展开研究,主要包括以下内容: 1.简要地叙述了纳米材料的特性、制备、应用以及纳米复合材料等,主要介绍了导电聚吡咯、聚苯胺、纳米金、纳米应的制备及其纳米复合物,,对普鲁士蓝也做了简要的介绍。 2.通过一步法成功地在水溶液中合成了以纳米金为核,PPy和PB为壳的Au-PPy/PB核-壳多重纳米复合物和PANI和PB为壳的Au-PANI/PB核-壳多重纳米复合物;并提出了可能的反应机理,通过XRD, FTIR, UV-vis,EDS,TEM等技术对这几种多重纳米复合物进行了表征。对其制备的条件也进行了选择和优化,并将Au-PPy/PB核-壳多重纳米复合物修饰于电极上,研究了其电化学性质及电催化性能。核-壳多重纳米复合物修饰电极对过氧化氢和L-半胱氨酸有快的响应、高的灵敏度和检测限、而且稳定性和重现性很好。 3.同样,通过一步法合成了以纳米银为核,PPy和PB为壳的Ag-PPy/PB核-壳多重纳米复合物,这进一步说明一步法合成导电聚合物/贵金属纳米颗粒/PB具有一定的普适性。合成的Ag-PPy/PB同样对过氧化氢有很好的响应。
[Abstract]:Nanocomposites have become a research hotspot because of their physical and chemical properties different from those of individual components. Especially in catalysis, biosensor, surface enhanced Raman analysis and other analytical detection has a wide range of applications. Conductive polymers and precious metal composites, due to their unique structure and unique optical, electrical and magnetic properties, make it available in energy, information, optoelectronic devices, chemical and biological sensors, electromagnetic shielding, Stealth technology and metal corrosion protection have broad application prospects. Prussian blue is widely used in electrochemical electrode modification materials because of its excellent electrochemical reversibility, high stability, easy preparation and low preparation cost. As a good medium for electron transport, it can reduce the overpotential of electrochemical reactions of redox substances, especially peroxides. Based on the special properties of conductive polymer and noble metal composites and the electrocatalytic activity of Prussian blue, the main contents are as follows: 1. The properties, preparation, application and nanocomposites of nanomaterials are briefly described. The preparation of conductive polypyrrole, Polyaniline, nanometer gold, nanomaterials and their nanocomposites are mainly introduced. Prussian blue is also briefly introduced. 2. Au-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites with PPy and PB shells and Au-PANI/PB core-shell nanocomposites with PANI and PB shells were successfully synthesized in aqueous solution by one-step method. The possible reaction mechanism was proposed, and these multiplex nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV-vis,EDS,TEM and other techniques. The preparation conditions were also selected and optimized. The electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic properties of Au-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites were studied. The modified electrode has fast response to hydrogen peroxide and L-cysteine, high sensitivity and detection limit, and good stability and reproducibility. 3. Similarly, Ag-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites with nano-silver as core and PPy and PB as shell were synthesized by one-step method, which further indicates that one-step synthesis of conductive polymer / noble metal nanoparticles / PB has a certain universality. The synthesized Ag-PPy/PB also has a good response to hydrogen peroxide.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TB383.1
本文编号：2330157
[Abstract]:Nanocomposites have become a research hotspot because of their physical and chemical properties different from those of individual components. Especially in catalysis, biosensor, surface enhanced Raman analysis and other analytical detection has a wide range of applications. Conductive polymers and precious metal composites, due to their unique structure and unique optical, electrical and magnetic properties, make it available in energy, information, optoelectronic devices, chemical and biological sensors, electromagnetic shielding, Stealth technology and metal corrosion protection have broad application prospects. Prussian blue is widely used in electrochemical electrode modification materials because of its excellent electrochemical reversibility, high stability, easy preparation and low preparation cost. As a good medium for electron transport, it can reduce the overpotential of electrochemical reactions of redox substances, especially peroxides. Based on the special properties of conductive polymer and noble metal composites and the electrocatalytic activity of Prussian blue, the main contents are as follows: 1. The properties, preparation, application and nanocomposites of nanomaterials are briefly described. The preparation of conductive polypyrrole, Polyaniline, nanometer gold, nanomaterials and their nanocomposites are mainly introduced. Prussian blue is also briefly introduced. 2. Au-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites with PPy and PB shells and Au-PANI/PB core-shell nanocomposites with PANI and PB shells were successfully synthesized in aqueous solution by one-step method. The possible reaction mechanism was proposed, and these multiplex nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV-vis,EDS,TEM and other techniques. The preparation conditions were also selected and optimized. The electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic properties of Au-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites were studied. The modified electrode has fast response to hydrogen peroxide and L-cysteine, high sensitivity and detection limit, and good stability and reproducibility. 3. Similarly, Ag-PPy/PB core-shell multiplex nanocomposites with nano-silver as core and PPy and PB as shell were synthesized by one-step method, which further indicates that one-step synthesis of conductive polymer / noble metal nanoparticles / PB has a certain universality. The synthesized Ag-PPy/PB also has a good response to hydrogen peroxide.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TB383.1
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