我国湿地公园法治建设研究

发布时间：2019-01-03 15:08

【摘要】： 湿地被誉为“地球之肾”,与海洋、森林并称三大生态系统,它对于蓄水调洪、调节气候、保持水土、净化水质、保持生物多样性有着直接影响。建设湿地公园是对湿地资源及其生态系统的一种保护手段,是人类与大自然和谐共处的途径,有利于促进良性生态环境的形成。目前湿地公园的法治建设在我国法学界还是一个崭新的课题,湿地公园的建设、保护和管理在实践中还存在诸多问题,由此看来将湿地公园的建设、保护和管理纳入法治化轨道并使之不断完善,不仅具有现实意义,也应是环境与资源法学领域重要的研究课题。本文从湿地公园概念及我国湿地公园的发展概况出发,对我国现行湿地公园法律体系进行介绍并指出我国湿地公园在立法、管理体制、执法方面存在的缺陷,然后通过借鉴美国、加拿大、日本及英国关于湿地公园法治建设的先进经验,提出了完善我国湿地公园法治建设的具体建议。目前我国湿地公园法律体系不完善,立法效力层级低,配套性地方立法甚少,法律责任缺失等问题严重。为了给湿地公园工作的进行提供有力的依据,建议贯彻可持续发展、环境优先、合理开发等新理念,通过制定综合性立法——《湿地公园法》及制定相关法律法规从而形成一个完整、综合的法律体系。另外,由于现行的管理体制和执法不健全,导致湿地公园应有的保护和管理失去了作用。因此,从我国湿地公园的实际出发,在管理体制方面,应建立湿地公园垂直管理体系,明确各部门管理职责,明确资金来源；在执法方面,提高执法人员专业水平,完善执法程序,加强宣传教育工作以提高公众的环保意识。
[Abstract]:Wetland is called "the kidney of the earth", and it is called "the kidney of the earth", together with the ocean, the forest and the three major ecosystems. It has direct influence on water storage and flood control, climate regulation, soil and water conservation, purification of water quality and conservation of biodiversity. The construction of wetland park is a means of protecting wetland resources and its ecosystem. It is a way for human beings and nature to coexist harmoniously and promote the formation of benign ecological environment. At present, the construction of the rule of law in wetland parks is still a new topic in the field of law in our country. There are still many problems in the construction, protection and management of wetland parks in practice, so it seems that the construction of wetland parks will be carried out. It is not only of practical significance to bring protection and management into the track of rule by law and make it perfect, but also an important research topic in the field of environment and resource law. Based on the concept of Wetland Park and the development of Wetland Park in China, this paper introduces the current legal system of Wetland Park in China and points out the defects in legislation, management system and law enforcement of Wetland Park in China. Based on the advanced experience of the United States, Canada, Japan and Britain on the construction of wetland park rule of law, the author puts forward some concrete suggestions to perfect the construction of wetland park rule of law in our country. At present, the legal system of wetland parks in our country is not perfect, the level of legislative effect is low, the supporting local legislation is very few, the legal responsibility is lacking and so on. In order to provide a strong basis for the work of the wetland park, it is suggested to implement the new concepts of sustainable development, environmental priority, rational development, etc. A comprehensive and comprehensive legal system is formed by making comprehensive legislation, "Wetland Park Law" and relevant laws and regulations. In addition, the existing management system and law enforcement are not perfect, resulting in wetland park due to the protection and management has lost its role. Therefore, from the actual situation of wetland parks in China, the vertical management system of wetland parks should be established, the management responsibilities of various departments should be clarified, and the sources of funds should be clear. In the aspect of law enforcement, we should improve the professional level of law enforcement officers, perfect the law enforcement procedures, and strengthen publicity and education to enhance public awareness of environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

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