AAO模板法制备一维介孔材料及表征
发布时间：2019-02-14 13:10
【摘要】： 近年来,利用AAO为硬模板的方法来制备介孔纳米纤维吸引了人们的广泛关注。介孔纳米纤维的高比表面积、大孔容以及一维结构所带来的物质传输的短程效应,为人们设计新产品及传统产品的改造提供了新的机遇。本论文主要研究了介孔碳纳米纤维、介孔氧化物纤维以及纳米粒子/介孔碳纳米纤维的制备与表征。 当利用制备二维六方结构FDU-15的前驱体填充AAO模板孔道时,制备了具有核壳结构的介孔碳纳米纤维。核壳间有少量介孔碳壁连结,使核结构保持在壳的中心位置。利用制备立方结构(Ia3d)的FDU-14的前驱物填充时,得到了另一种具有核壳结构的介孔碳纳米纤维。该纳米纤维核壳间没有介孔碳壁连结,核结构随机偏向壳的某一侧。核结构内部具有较大的介孔结构。利用立方结构(Im3m)的FDU-16的前驱体分别填充直径为200、90、25 nm的AAO模板,得到了具有大尺寸孔道的介孔碳纳米纤维,其中在直径为25 nm的AAO模板得到的介孔碳纳米纤维内部呈现单个介孔一维排列的现象。研究发现AAO模板孔径与介孔碳纳米纤维的介孔孔径存在非线性反比关系。并研究了高温碳化(900℃)对介孔碳纳米纤维形貌的影响,发现介孔碳纳米纤维外壳发生破裂,在超声条件下可以完全去除外壳,得到暴露介孔孔道的介孔碳纳米纤维。 以制备的介孔碳纳米纤维为载体利用微波还原法负载铂纳米粒子来制备甲醇燃料电池的电极,铂纳米粒子均匀的分散在介孔碳纳米纤维上,电化学测试表明其相对于商业碳材料具有较好的催化性能。 在制备介孔碳纳米纤维的前驱物中加入氯化钌,利用一步法得到了在碳壁内镶嵌有钌纳米粒子的介孔碳纳米纤维,钌纳米粒子镶嵌在介孔碳壁内,粒径较小,且具有较好的结晶。在氯化钠为引导剂的情况下,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有平行于AAO模板管道的具有二维六方结构的介孔氧化硅纳米纤维,介孔孔径约为10 nm。同样利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有无序介孔结构的氧化钛、氧化锡以及氧化铈介孔纳米纤维,其中氧化钛和氧化锡介孔纳米纤维具有良好的纤维结构。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the preparation of mesoporous nanofibers using AAO as hard template has attracted much attention. The high specific surface area, large pore volume and short range effect of material transport due to the one-dimensional structure of mesoporous nanofibers provide a new opportunity for the design of new products and the transformation of traditional products. In this paper, the preparation and characterization of mesoporous carbon nanofibers, mesoporous oxide fibers and nanoparticles / mesoporous carbon nanofibers were studied. Mesoporous carbon nanofibers with core-shell structure were prepared by filling the pore channels of AAO template with the precursor of two-dimensional hexagonal structure FDU-15. A few mesoporous carbon walls are connected between the core-shell to keep the core structure at the center of the shell. Another kind of mesoporous carbon nanofibers with core-shell structure was obtained by filling the precursor of FDU-14 with cubic structure (Ia3d). There is no mesoporous carbon wall connection between the core and shell of the nanofiber, and the nuclear structure is randomly inclined to one side of the shell. There is a large mesoporous structure inside the nuclear structure. The mesoporous carbon nanofibers with large pore channels were prepared by filling the AAO template with diameter of 200,90,25 nm with the precursor of FDU-16 with cubic structure (Im3m). One dimensional arrangement of mesoporous carbon nanofibers was observed in the mesoporous carbon nanofibers with a diameter of 25 nm AAO template. It is found that the AAO template pore size is inversely proportional to the mesoporous pore size of mesoporous carbon nanofibers. The effect of high temperature carbonization (900 鈩，
本文编号：2422234
[Abstract]:In recent years, the preparation of mesoporous nanofibers using AAO as hard template has attracted much attention. The high specific surface area, large pore volume and short range effect of material transport due to the one-dimensional structure of mesoporous nanofibers provide a new opportunity for the design of new products and the transformation of traditional products. In this paper, the preparation and characterization of mesoporous carbon nanofibers, mesoporous oxide fibers and nanoparticles / mesoporous carbon nanofibers were studied. Mesoporous carbon nanofibers with core-shell structure were prepared by filling the pore channels of AAO template with the precursor of two-dimensional hexagonal structure FDU-15. A few mesoporous carbon walls are connected between the core-shell to keep the core structure at the center of the shell. Another kind of mesoporous carbon nanofibers with core-shell structure was obtained by filling the precursor of FDU-14 with cubic structure (Ia3d). There is no mesoporous carbon wall connection between the core and shell of the nanofiber, and the nuclear structure is randomly inclined to one side of the shell. There is a large mesoporous structure inside the nuclear structure. The mesoporous carbon nanofibers with large pore channels were prepared by filling the AAO template with diameter of 200,90,25 nm with the precursor of FDU-16 with cubic structure (Im3m). One dimensional arrangement of mesoporous carbon nanofibers was observed in the mesoporous carbon nanofibers with a diameter of 25 nm AAO template. It is found that the AAO template pore size is inversely proportional to the mesoporous pore size of mesoporous carbon nanofibers. The effect of high temperature carbonization (900 鈩，
本文编号：2422234
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