我国中小学教科书选用的困境与对策

发布时间：2019-04-30 16:43

【摘要】：教师、教科书和学生是教育活动过程中的三个核心要素。而作为核心要素之一的教科书,是教师向学生传递知识以及教授技能的重要纽带,起着桥梁的作用。20世纪80年代末,“八套半”教材的出版拉开了我国教科书多样化的开端,打破了我国“一本教材统一天下”的局面。随着我国第八次基础教育课程改革的推进,我国中小学的教科书制度也在经历着新的变革,关于我国的教科书政策基本上确定了在“同一”的前提下实行多样化,逐步形成“一纲多本”的局面。教科书多样化改革的目的是为了让每个地区甚至是学校都能够拥有适合自己教学特色的教科书。有了这个改革的基础和前提,提出中小学教科书选用才显得有意义。只有充分的重视教科书的选用工作,才能确保我国教学质量的逐步提高。那么怎么才能保障教科书选用的科学合理呢?我国关于这方面的理论研究和实践经验都十分缺乏。本论文从我国教科书选用的现状出发,全面分析了我国教科书选用存在的问题、问题产生的原因,最后提出了对策,为我国中小学教科书选用的完善提供借鉴意义。全文共分为四个部分：第一部分,绪论。首先简要的说明了本文研究的缘起、研究的意义。其次对已有的教科书选用的研究现状进行了整理和总结并且对核心的概念进行界定。最后确立了本文的研究思路与方法。第二部分,我国中小学教科书选用的问题分析。笔者依据对校长、一线教师以及学生的访谈以及一些具体的案例和数据深入了解目前我国教科书选用的现状。然后发现目前在我国教科书选用中存在以下四个问题：教科书选用权利分配不民主；教科书选用程序运行不透明：教科书选用标准构建不完善：教科书选用市场建设不成熟。第三部分,我国中小学教科书选用存在问题的原因分析。通过对第二部分问题的阐述,发现存在问题的原因主要包括以下几个方面：教科书选用中存在“历史惯性”；教科书选用中存在“利益的博弈”；教科书选用评价机制“缺位”；教科书市场运行规则“欠规范”,教科书选用法制建设不健全。第四部分,完善我国中小学教科书选用的对策。依据第二部分和第三部分的研究成果,提出相应的四个对策：成立专门的教科书选用机构、构建科学的教科书选用标准、建立成熟的教科书选用市场、健全相应的教科书选用法制。
[Abstract]:Teachers, textbooks and students are the three core elements in the process of educational activities. The textbook, as one of the core elements, is an important link for teachers to transfer knowledge and teach skills to students, and acts as a bridge. In the late 1980s, the publication of "eight and a half sets of textbooks" opened the beginning of diversification of textbooks in China. Broke our country "one textbook unifies the world" the situation. With the advance of the eighth basic education curriculum reform in our country, the textbook system of primary and middle schools in our country is also undergoing new changes. The textbook policy of our country basically determines the diversification under the premise of "the same". The situation of "one dimension and multiple books" is gradually formed. The purpose of the textbook diversification reform is to enable every region and even schools to have textbooks suitable for their own teaching characteristics. With the foundation and premise of this reform, it is meaningful to put forward the choice of primary and secondary school textbooks. Only by paying enough attention to the selection of textbooks can we ensure the gradual improvement of teaching quality in our country. So how can we guarantee the scientific and reasonable selection of textbooks? There is a lack of theoretical research and practical experience in this field in China. Starting from the present situation of textbook selection in China, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the selection of textbooks in China and the causes of the problems, and finally puts forward some countermeasures to provide reference significance for the improvement of textbook selection in primary and secondary schools in China. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part, the introduction. First of all, it briefly explains the origin and significance of this study. Secondly, the status quo of textbook selection is summarized and the core concept is defined. Finally, the research ideas and methods of this paper are established. The second part, our country primary and secondary school textbook choice question analysis. Based on interviews with headmasters, front-line teachers and students as well as some specific cases and data, the author deeply understands the present situation of textbook selection in China. Then it is found that there are four problems in the selection of textbooks: undemocratic distribution of rights in textbook selection; opaque operation of textbook selection procedures; imperfect construction of textbook selection criteria; immature market construction of textbook selection. The third part, our country primary and secondary school textbook selection existence question reason analysis. Through the elaboration of the second part of the problem, it is found that the existing problems mainly include the following aspects: "historical inertia" in textbook selection, "interest game" in textbook selection, and "interest game" in textbook selection. Textbook selection evaluation mechanism "absence"; textbook market operation rules "is not standardized", textbook selection of legal system construction is not perfect. The fourth part, perfect our country primary and secondary school textbook choice countermeasure. According to the research results of the second part and the third part, four corresponding countermeasures are put forward: set up a special textbook selection institution, construct scientific textbook selection standard, establish mature textbook selection market, and set up a mature textbook selection market. Perfect the corresponding textbooks to choose the legal system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G634

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