发展性阅读障碍儿童的内隐和外显注意缺陷研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 15:07

本文关键词：发展性阅读障碍儿童的内隐和外显注意缺陷研究　出处：《杭州师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：发展性阅读障碍是发展心理学的热点研究问题。目前,对于阅读障碍的起因有多种理论和众多实证研究。近期的研究发现,阅读障碍患者在空间注意方面存在缺陷,而且有纵向研究表明视觉空间注意缺陷可能是导致阅读障碍的原因之一。阅读过程中同时伴随有内隐注意和外显注意的转移。先前研究表明,发展性阅读障碍儿童的注意缺陷可能主要集中于内隐注意转移方面。然而,阅读障碍儿童在伴随有眼跳发生的外显注意转移方面是否存在缺陷目前尚不清楚。本次研究采用线索靶子任务和自由搜索任务分别考察了汉语阅读障碍儿童和阅读能力正常儿童的内隐和外显注意转移能力。这两个任务均采用返回抑制效应作为注意转移的指标。结果发现,阅读能力发展正常的年龄匹配组(CA)和阅读能力匹配组(RL)儿童在这两个任务中均表现出了稳定的返回抑制效应。然而,发展性阅读障碍(DD)儿童只在考察外显注意转移的视觉搜索任务中表现出了返回抑制效应。这说明阅读障碍儿童仅在内隐注意方面存在缺陷,而且内隐注意发展的迟滞可能是导致阅读障碍的主要原因。一年后的追踪测试进一步考察了三组儿童的在音素和音节水平的语音意识能力。结果发现,发展性阅读障碍儿童没有表现出语音意识发展问题。这些发现表明,内隐注意缺陷并没有导致语音意识缺陷,注意缺陷可能并不是通过损害语音加工过程而导致阅读障碍的。
[Abstract]:Developmental dyslexia is a hot research issue in developmental psychology. At present, there are many kinds of theories and empirical research for causes of dyslexia. Recent studies have found that reading disorders in patients with spatial attention defect, and longitudinal studies have shown that the visual spatial attention defect may be the cause of dyslexia in reading process. Accompanied by the transfer of implicit and explicit attentional attention. Previous studies show that the development of reading may have ADHD children focused on implicit attention. However, dyslexic children with saccade occurred in overt attention if there are defects is unclear. This study investigated the inner and outer Chinese dyslexic children and normal children's reading ability significantly attention transfer capability of the cue target task and free search tasks. These two tasks are used as the inhibition of return attention index. The results showed that the development of reading ability of normal age matched group (CA) and reading group (RL), children in these two tasks showed the inhibition of return effect stable. However, the development of reading disorder (DD) children only in the study of explicit attention visual search task showed the inhibition of return effect. This shows that there are defects in dyslexic children only implicit attention, but also pay attention to the development of implicit hysteresis was likely to cause dyslexia. After one year follow-up test was further investigated in three groups of children and phoneme the syllable level of phonological awareness ability. The results showed that children with developmental dyslexia showed no problems in the development of phonological awareness. These findings suggest that implicit attention deficit did not lead to phonological awareness defect, note Meaning defects may not cause dyslexia by damaging the process of speech processing.

【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B842.3

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