基于倾向得分匹配方法的双亲与单亲家庭孩子心理健康及抚养人身份的作用

发布时间：2018-01-26 13:44

本文关键词： 单亲家庭心理健康幸福感倾向得分匹配　出处：《卫生研究》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的运用倾向得分匹配的方法,比较双亲家庭与单亲家庭孩子心理健康(焦虑、抑郁、孤独感、自尊、自信、家庭生活满意度)的差异及其与幸福感关系中抚养人身份的作用。方法数据来源于中国儿童青少年心理发育特征调查项目社会适应数据库(收集于2009年)。采用分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法进行抽样,研究对象为中国内地31个省(自治区、直辖市)的100个区县6~15岁儿童,共计23 499名。再运用倾向得分匹配的方法,对双亲与单亲家庭孩子进行匹配,得到双亲家庭与单亲家庭孩子各1203名,对相关数据进行差异检验、相关分析、回归分析。结果倾向得分匹配后抚养人为非父母的条件下,双亲家庭与单亲家庭孩子在抑郁(4.46±3.234 vs.5.29±3.808,P0.001,d=-0.237)、自尊(27.15±4.303 vs.26.05±4.838,P0.001,d=0.241)以及家庭生活满意度(3.23±0.570 vs.3.02±0.699,P0.001,d=0.333)上差异均有统计学意义。对于双亲家庭的孩子,抚养人身份在抑郁、家庭生活满意度与幸福感关系中调节作用均有统计学意义(β=0.229和-0.239,P0.05)。简单斜率检验表明,以抑郁为自变量,幸福感为因变量时,非父母组对幸福感的负向预测作用高于父母组(父母组:简单斜率=-0.393,t=-28.98,P0.001;非父母组:简单斜率=-0.321,t=-13.68,P0.001)。以家庭生活满意度为自变量,幸福感为因变量时,父母组对幸福感的正向预测作用高于非父母组(父母组:简单斜率=1.474,t=15.78,P0.001;非父母组:简单斜率=1.024,t=7.03,P0.001)。结论双亲家庭孩子心理健康水平优于单亲家庭孩子,非父母抚养的双亲与单亲孩子心理健康差距比父母抚养的更大,并且抚养人身份为父母的双亲家庭孩子,其家庭生活满意度、抑郁对幸福感的影响更大。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the mental health (anxiety, depression, loneliness, self-esteem, self-confidence) of children from two-parent families and single-parent families by using the method of matching tendency scores. The difference of family life satisfaction and the role of dependant status in the relationship between family life satisfaction and well-being. Methods data were obtained from the Social adaptation Database of Chinese Children and adolescents' Mental Development characteristics Survey Project (collected in 2009). Stratified and population-proportional cluster random sampling was used. The subjects were 615-year-old children (23 499 children) from 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government) of the mainland of China. Two hundred and twenty three children from two parent families and one parent family were obtained by matching the children of parents and single-parent families. The data were tested and analyzed. Regression analysis showed that the children of two-parent family and single-parent family were depressed 4.46 卤3.234 vs.5.29 卤3.808 in the condition of non-parents after matching the score of propensity. P 0.001, P 0. 237, P 0. 001, P 0. 001, P 0. 001, P 0. 001, P = 27. 15 卤4. 303 vs.26.05 卤4. 838. And family life satisfaction: 3.23 卤0.570 vs.3.02 卤0.699 P0.001. The difference was statistically significant. For children of two-parent families, the upbringing status was in depression. There were significant differences in the regulatory role between family life satisfaction and well-being (尾 -0.229 and -0.239) P0.05.The simple slope test showed that depression was the independent variable. When well-being is dependent, the negative predictive effect of non-parent group on well-being is higher than that of parent group (simple slope: -0.393% -28.98% P 0.001). In non-parent group, simple slope was -0.321% -13.68% P 0.001.The family life satisfaction was regarded as independent variable and well-being as dependent variable. The positive predictive effect of parental group on well-being was higher than that of non-parent group (simple slope was 1.474%, 15.78%, P 0.001). In the non-parent group, the simple slope was 1.024 ~ 7.03% (P 0.001). Conclusion the mental health level of children from two-parent families is better than that from single-parent families. The difference of mental health between parents who are not parents and single children is bigger than that of parents, and the family life satisfaction and depression have more influence on happiness of parents who are parents.
【作者单位】：安徽师范大学教育科学学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题(No.CBA120108)
【分类号】：B844
【正文快照】： 家庭对个体人格、认知发展都有着重要的影响。对于不同家庭结构类型(双亲家庭与单亲家庭)的孩子来说,一方面是家庭社会经济地位(family social-economic status,SES)会有差异;另一方面,孩子抚养人身份可能会发生变化。抚养人身份的差异最终也是家庭社会经济地位差异的根源,因

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