老年人迷信心理与自我效能感的相关研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 23:31

本文关键词： 老年人迷信心理问卷编制自我效能感　出处：《重庆师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：迷信是由一定的心理需要引起的,在对客观事物错误或虚幻的认识基础之上而产生的信念和行为。迷信是一个多层次、多维度的有机整体,它主要包括三种心理成分：动机成分、认知成分和行为成分。本研究认为迷信是由一定心理需要激发相应的迷信观念,产生对客观世界虚幻的、歪曲的认识,并采取与之相对应的行为。本研究从心理学角度对老年人迷信心理进行了理论和实证的研究,对老年人迷信心理的含义、结构、现状、特点及其影响因素进行探讨,一方面可以丰富迷信心理的研究内容,一方面为家庭及社会干预老年人迷信心理指出了方向,具有重大的理论和现实意义。本研究采用文献分析、问卷调查等方法对老年人迷信心理进行了较为系统的探讨,初步建立了老年人迷信心理的结构,并通过对初试问卷的项目分析和探索性因素分析确定了老年人迷信心理的维度,编制了老年人迷信心理的正式问卷。在此基础上还对自编的正式问卷进行了信、效度检验。另外,还考察了老年人迷信心理的现状和特点,并探讨了老年人迷信心理与一般自我效能感的关系。本研究得到的结论如下： (1)自编老年人迷信心理问卷包括三个因素：迷信观念、迷信动机和迷信行为。问卷具有良好的信、效度,能够作为研究的测量工具。 (2)老年人总体迷信心理水平较低。 (3)不同年龄段、文化程度、收入状况、居住状况的老人在迷信心理上存在不同程度的显著差异。 (4)不同性别以及不同婚姻状况的老人在迷信心理上均不存在显著差异。 (5)老年人迷信心理与自我效能感呈不相关,不能有效预测自我效能感水平。
[Abstract]:Superstition is caused by certain psychological needs, on the basis of the false or illusory understanding of objective things, the belief and behavior. Superstition is a multi-level, multi-dimensional organic whole. It mainly includes three kinds of psychological components: motivation, cognition and behavior. This study believes that superstition is caused by certain psychological needs to stimulate the corresponding superstition concept, to produce an illusory and distorted understanding of the objective world. And the corresponding behavior. This study from the perspective of psychology of the elderly superstitious psychology theoretical and empirical research, the meaning, structure, status quo of superstitious psychology of the elderly. On the one hand, it can enrich the research contents of superstitious psychology, on the other hand, it points out the direction for family and society to interfere with the superstitious psychology of the elderly, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. This study uses literature analysis, questionnaire and other methods to explore superstitious psychology of the elderly systematically, and initially established the structure of superstitious psychology of the elderly. Through the item analysis and exploratory factor analysis of the preliminary questionnaire, the dimensions of superstitious psychology of the elderly are determined, and the formal questionnaire of superstitious psychology of the elderly is compiled. In addition, the current situation and characteristics of superstition in the elderly were investigated, and the relationship between superstition and general self-efficacy in the elderly was discussed. The conclusions of this study are as follows: The questionnaire is composed of three factors: superstition idea, superstitious motivation and superstitious behavior. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used as a measuring tool for research. (2) the general level of superstition in the elderly is low. (3) there were significant differences in superstition among the old people of different age, education, income and living condition. (4) there was no significant difference in superstition among the old people of different gender and different marital status. 5) superstition was not related to self-efficacy and could not effectively predict the level of self-efficacy.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.4

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