男性服刑人员的心理状况与人格特征的相关分析

发布时间：2018-02-03 04:47

本文关键词： 男性服刑人员心理健康负性情绪人格特征　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的与意义本研究通过心理测量工具调查了济南市某监狱男性服刑人员心理健康水平和人格特征,对该人群的心理状况及人格特征的影响因素进行多维度的研究,可以明晰服刑人员心理问题与犯罪发生的高危社会心理因素。该研究既有助于科学有效的改造罪犯,提高教育改造的质量,也有助于降低罪犯的再犯几率,使之更好的回归社会,为社会的安定团结做出贡献。研究对象和方法在济南市监狱以监区为单位,随机抽取正在服刑的男性人员550名,采用团体测试法,自行填写艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)。回收550份问卷,其中有效问卷共508份,有效率92.3%。以全国男性常模作为对照组,评价服刑人员的的心理健康状况和人格特质的影响因素。将有效问卷输入已经建立的数据库,建立心理问卷分析程序对量表进行评分,采用SPSS17.0统计软件包对数据进行描述性分析,t检验,方差分析、Peareon相关分析及多元线性回归分析等方法统计分析。结果 1.EPQ测量结果研究对象年龄在2064岁之间,平均年龄(x±s)为(31.39±8.31)岁。与全国男性常模相比,男性服刑人员在精神质(P)、内外向(E)、神经质(N)、掩饰性(L)四个人格维度方面的差异均有统计学意义。将服刑人员的EPQ各量表分与一般人口学资料进行方差分析,结果表明不同的年龄阶段、婚姻状况、原判刑期在掩饰性得分上差别有显著的统计学意义(P0.001)。在不同文化程度和犯罪类型中,服刑人员在各维度上的差别均无统计学意义(P0.05) 2.SDS、SAS测量结果服刑人员的抑郁及焦虑得分均高于国内常模,差别均具有统计学意义(P0.001),说明该人群负性情绪严重。 3.SCL一90测量结果服刑人员SCL-90各项因子得分均高于全国常模,差别均具有统计学意义(P0.001),提示服刑人员存在严重的心理健康问题。将SCL-90阳性项目数与服刑人员的一般资料做方差分析,结果表明不同的年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、犯罪类型及原判刑期的差异均无统计学意义。 4.多因素分析结果由相关分析得知,服刑人员SCL-90总分及各因子分与EPQ分量表中的P维度、N维度均呈正相关。除敌对及偏执因子外,SCL-90总分及各因子分与E维度均呈负相关。除躯体化因子外,服刑人员SCL-90总分及各因子分与L维度呈均负相关。通过多元线性逐步回归分析发现,表明影响服刑人员心理健康状况的主要因素是神经质、精神质、内外向、犯罪类型和婚姻状况。结论 1.服刑人员人格特征存在偏离,其基本人格特征存在高精神质、高外倾性、高神经质和低掩饰性的特点。 2.服刑人员存在严重的心理健康问题,并且有严重的焦虑和抑郁情绪。 3.服刑人员的心理健康异常与其不健全人格有显著相关,不健全的人格和不健康的心理是违法犯罪的危险因素。 4.不同年龄、婚姻状况、原判刑期的服刑人员,其掩饰性有明显差异。 5.年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、犯罪类型、原判刑期等因素对罪犯的心理健康没有明显影响。
[Abstract]:The purpose and significance of research
This study through the psychological measurement tools for the investigation of Ji'nan City, a prison for male inmates psychological health level and personality characteristics, factors of influence on mental health of the population and personality characteristics of multi dimension, high risk of social psychological factors can clarify the inmates psychological problems and crimes. This study not only contribute to the reform of criminals scientific and effective, improve the quality of education reform, also helps to reduce the risk of recidivism of offenders, help them return to the society and contribute to social stability and unity.
Research objects and methods
In the city of Ji'nan prison to prison area as a unit, is serving a randomly selected male staff 550, by group test method, to fill in the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), symptom checklist (SCL-90), self rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and self rating Depression Scale (SDS). The recovery of 550 the questionnaire, including a total of 508 valid questionnaires, the efficiency of 92.3%. in national male norm as control group. The influencing factors of mental health status and personality evaluation of inmates. The effective questionnaire input has been the establishment of the database, the establishment of psychological questionnaire analysis program of the scale, the descriptive analysis of the data packet, the SPSS17.0 statistical software t test, analysis of variance analysis, Peareon correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis statistical method.
Result
1.EPQ measurement results
The age of the subjects was 2064 years old, the mean age (x + s) was (31.39 + 8.31) years old. Compared with the national norm, there were statistically significant differences in mental P (P), internal and external (E), neuroticism (N), concealment (L) and personality dimension.
The prisoners EPQ scores and demographic data were analyzed by variance analysis, results showed that different age, marital status, the original term is statistically significant difference in disguise score (P0.001). In different cultural levels and types of crimes, personnel serving in each dimension there were no statistical significance (P0.05)
2.SDS, SAS measurement results
The scores of depression and anxiety of the prisoners were all higher than those of the domestic norm, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.001), indicating that the negative emotion was serious in the population.
3.SCL 90 measurement results
The scores of SCL-90 factors of the prisoners were all higher than the national norm, and the differences were statistically significant (P0.001), suggesting that the prisoners had serious mental health problems.
Variance analysis of SCL-90 positive items and general information of prisoners showed that there was no statistical difference in age, education level, marital status, types of crime and original sentence.
4. multiple factor analysis results
Through correlation analysis, the inmates SCL-90 scores and the factor scores of EPQ and P subscales in N dimensions, dimensions are positively correlated. In addition to hostility and paranoid ideation, SCL-90 scores and the factor scores showed a negative correlation with E dimension. Apart from somatization, inmates SCL-90 scores and the factor scores and the L dimension was negatively correlated. By multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the main factors that affect the psychological health status of prisoners is neuroticism, psychoticism, extraversion, crime type and marital status.
conclusion
1. the personality characteristics of the prisoners have deviations, and their basic personality characteristics are characterized by high mental quality, high extroversion, high neuroticism and low disguise.
2. of the prisoners have serious mental health problems and have serious anxiety and depression.
3. the mental health abnormality of the prisoners was significantly related to their unsound personality, and the unsound personality and unhealthy psychology were the risk factors for the crime.
4. different ages, marital status, and the original sentence of sentence of serving the prisoners, there are obvious differences in the disguise.
The 5. age, the educational level, the marital status, the type of crime, the original sentence and other factors have no obvious influence on the mental health of the criminals.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.3

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