去甲肾上腺素系统功能对冒险性的影响

发布时间：2018-02-04 08:10

本文关键词： 冒险性去甲肾上腺素系统概率折扣赌博大鼠　出处：《首都师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：冒险性(risk-taking)是指个体热衷于从事可能导致不确定结果的行为。这种行为通常没有经过详细的计划,往往导致负性结果,使自己或他人受到伤害。冒险性高的个体体内的去甲肾上腺素水平显著高于正常个体,但去甲肾上腺素能否影响个体的冒险性仍未知。冒险性可以通过一系列需要评估不同结果的相对风险的任务来衡量,本实验采用概率折扣任务估计大鼠的冒险性。实验选用了12只Sprague-Dawley大鼠进行概率折扣任务训练。实验主要目的是通过去甲肾上腺素重摄取抑制剂提高大鼠去甲肾上腺素功能,考察这一操作对大鼠的冒险性产生何种影响,并通过不同去甲肾上腺素受体拮抗剂探讨这一影响的受体机制。实验一研究了不同剂量的去甲肾上腺素重摄取抑制剂阿托莫西汀(0.6mg/kg,1.0mg/kg和1.8mg/kg)对大鼠在概率折扣任务中表现出的冒险性的影响。实验二探索了去甲肾上腺素β受体拮抗剂心得安(1.0mg/kg)与阿托莫西汀(1.8mg/kg,实验一中效果最佳的剂量)联合给药对大鼠冒险性的影响。实验三检验了去甲肾上腺素α1受体拮抗剂哌唑嗪(0.1mg/kg)与阿托莫西汀(1,8mg/kg)联合给药是否会改变大鼠的冒险性。结果发现：1、在实验一中,高剂量的阿托莫西汀显著增加了大鼠选择冒险选项的比率。阿托莫西汀的注射剂量与大鼠在概率折扣任务中表现出的冒险倾向成正相关。随着药物剂量的增加,大鼠的选择反应时也有升高的趋势,但未到达到统计显著。药物处理显著降低了大鼠对负性反馈的敏感性,使大鼠在遭遇负性结果后仍然选择冒险选项。2、在实验二中,1.0mg/kg心得安单独注射对大鼠的选择模式无显著影响,但当与1.8mg/kg阿托莫西汀联合给药时,心得安能显著抑制由阿托莫西汀引起的冒险倾向。此外,联合给药显著降低了大鼠在遭遇负性结果后继续选择冒险选项的比率。3、在实验三中,0.1mg/kg哌唑嗪单独注射对大鼠的选择模式无显著影响,与1.8mg/kg阿托莫西汀联合给药时大鼠的选择模式与单独注射阿托莫西汀时无显著差异。上述结果表明,提高动物体内的去甲肾上腺素功能会降低大鼠对负性反馈的敏感性,从而增加个体的冒险性,这一作用的机制与p受体有关而与α受体的关系较小。
[Abstract]:Risky risk-taking refers to an individual's eagerness to engage in behaviors that may lead to uncertain outcomes. This behavior usually does not have a detailed plan and often leads to negative outcomes. The level of norepinephrine in individuals with high risk was significantly higher than that in normal individuals. But whether norepinephrine can affect individual risk-taking is unknown. Risk can be measured by a series of tasks that need to assess the relative risks of different outcomes. In this study, the probabilistic discounted task was used to estimate the risk-taking of rats. Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were selected for probabilistic discounted task training. The main purpose of the experiment was to improve the function of norepinephrine through norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. To investigate the effect of this procedure on the risk-taking of rats. The receptor mechanism of this effect was investigated by different norepinephrine receptor antagonists. In experiment 1, 0.6 mg / kg of atomoxetine was used as an inhibitor of norepinephrine reuptake. The effects of 1.0 mg / kg and 1.8 mg / kg on the risk-taking of probabilistic discounted tasks in rats. Experiment 2 explored the effect of propranolol, a norepinephrine 尾 receptor antagonist. 1.0 mg / kg and 1.8 mg / kg atmosetine. In experiment 1, the effect of combination administration of prazosin (0.1 mg / kg) and atomoxetine (0.1 mg / kg) on the risk of rats was examined in experiment 3. The results showed that the dose of prazosin was 0.1 mg / kg and that of atomoxetine was 0.1 mg 路kg ~ (-1) for norepinephrine 伪 _ 1. Whether combined administration of 8 mg / kg could change the risk-taking in rats. It turns out that one, in experiment one. High doses of atomoxetine significantly increased the rate of risk-taking options in rats. The dose of atomoxetine injection was positively correlated with the risk propensity of rats in probabilistic discounted tasks. However, the drug treatment significantly reduced the sensitivity of the rats to negative feedback and made the rats still choose the risk-taking option .2 after experiencing negative results. In experiment 2, 1.0 mg / kg propranolol alone had no significant effect on the selection pattern of rats, but was administered in combination with 1.8 mg / kg atomoxetine. Propranolol significantly inhibited the risk propensity induced by atomoxetine. In addition, combined administration significantly reduced the rate at which rats continued to choose risk options after experiencing negative results, in experiment 3. 0.1 mg / kg prazosin injection alone had no significant effect on the selection pattern of rats. There was no significant difference in the selection pattern between the rats treated with 1.8 mg / kg atomoxetine and that in the single injection of atomoxetine. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the two groups. Increasing the function of norepinephrine in animals could decrease the sensitivity of rats to negative feedback and increase the risk-taking of individuals. The mechanism of this action was related to p receptor but not to 伪 receptor.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848

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