5-HTTLPR基因、BDNF基因与母亲教养行为对青少年早期抑郁的影响

发布时间：2018-03-09 16:32

本文选题：5　切入点：HTTLPR基因　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：抑郁是影响个体发展的一组常见的、重要的情绪障碍和心理问题,具有重要的遗传基础。依据抑郁的表现症状和严重程度,可将其划分为抑郁情绪(depression mood)、抑郁综合征(depressive syndromes)和重性抑郁(major depression)(或者抑郁障碍,depressive disorder)三类。抑郁会增大吸烟、物质滥用和肥胖的概率,甚至导致自杀。横断研究和纵向研究均显示,抑郁的发生率在青少年早期急剧增高。世界范围内,约有5%的青少年正在遭受抑郁的侵害。青少年时期,抑郁可能引起辍学、人际关系不良、焦虑、物质滥用、早孕以及自杀等心理和行为问题。此外,青少年抑郁与成年期的心理健康以及社会功能的发展存在密切关联。显而易见,抑郁的病因学研究对抑郁的早发现、早干预具有重要意义。分子遗传学的迅速发展,使测定与抑郁有关的具体基因成为可能,越来越多的研究者开始关注抑郁的遗传基础研究。然而,与亨廷顿舞蹈病和苯丙酮尿症等单基因遗传疾病相比,抑郁的遗传机制更为复杂,考察多基因与环境因素对抑郁的交互作用是探究抑郁发生机制的重要途径。基于此,本研究在考察5 HTTLPR基因与BDNF基因的风险/易感基因型的基础上,采用传统的回归分析方法以及新近兴起的显著性区域分析法、再参数化回归方法,探查多基因得分与母亲教养行为对青少年早期抑郁的影响。主要研究结论如下:(1)多基因得分对青少年早期抑郁的直接预测作用显著,具体表现为得分越高,即携带风险基因的数量越多,青少年早期个体的抑郁水平越高;得分越低,即携带风险基因的数量越少,抑郁水平越低。(2)母亲积极教养行为显著负向预测青少年早期个体的抑郁水平,母亲消极教养行为具有显著的正向预测作用。(3)多基因得分与母亲积极教养行为对青少年早期抑郁的交互作用显著,交互作用模式符合弱素质压力模型。具体表现为:当母亲积极教养行为水平较低时,青少年早期抑郁水平较高,但与携带较少风险等位基因(0~2个)的个体相比,携带较多风险等位基因(3个、4个)的个体表现出更高的抑郁水平;而当母亲积极教养行为水平较高时,多基因得分对青少年早期抑郁的预测作用不显著。
[Abstract]:Depression is a group of common, important emotional disorders and psychological problems that affect the development of individuals, and have an important genetic basis. It can be classified as depression depression, depressive syndrome and major depressive disorder. Depression increases the risk of smoking, substance abuse and obesity, and even leads to suicide. The incidence of depression increases dramatically in the early stages of adolescence. Worldwide, about 5% of adolescents are suffering from depression. Depression can cause dropouts, poor interpersonal relationships, anxiety, substance abuse in adolescence. Mental and behavioral problems such as early pregnancy and suicide. In addition, depression in adolescents is closely associated with mental health and the development of social function in adulthood. Early intervention is of great significance. With the rapid development of molecular genetics, it is possible to determine the specific genes associated with depression, and more and more researchers are beginning to pay attention to the genetic basis of depression. Compared with Huntington's disease and phenylketonuria, the genetic mechanism of depression is more complicated. Based on the study of the risk / susceptibility genotypes of HTTLPR gene and BDNF gene, the traditional regression analysis method and the newly developed significant region analysis method were used to analyze the risk / susceptibility genotypes of HTTLPR gene and BDNF gene, and then parameterized regression method was used. The main conclusions of the study were as follows: (1) the direct predictive effect of polygene score on early depression in adolescents was significant, and the higher the score was, the higher the score was. That is, the more the number of risk genes carried, the higher the depression level of early teens; the lower the score, the less the number of risk genes carried. The lower the level of depression, the lower the positive upbringing behavior of mothers is. There was significant positive predictive effect between the scores of polygene and positive upbringing behavior of mother and the interaction between the scores of polygene and the early depression in adolescents. The interaction model was consistent with the weak diathesis stress model. When the mother's positive upbringing behavior level was low, the early depression level of adolescents was higher than that of the individuals carrying fewer risk alleles (0 ~ 2). Individuals with more risk alleles (3 and 4) showed a higher level of depression, but when mothers had a higher level of positive upbringing behavior, polygene scores had no significant predictive effect on early depression in adolescents.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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