生物运动在工作记忆中的存储精度

发布时间：2018-03-13 08:19

本文选题：生物运动　切入点：工作记忆精度　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：生物运动是生物体在时间和空间上连续变化的运动,传递着丰富的社会信息。近年来研究者就生物运动在工作记忆中的加工机制进行了卓有成效的探讨,但是这些研究集中于探讨工作记忆对不同类型生物运动的信息存储,主要涉及存储数目(quantity)等问题。然而,工作记忆对生物运动信息的加工包括存储数目与存储精度(quality,or fidelity)两个不同的方面。尚未有研究探讨生物运动在工作记忆中的存储精度。本研究首次从工作记忆负荷对存储精度的调节与情绪状态对存储精度的影响两方面,系统探究了生物运动在工作记忆中的存储精度。本研究包括3个实验。实验以电脑制作的实体生物运动为材料,采用调节法,要求被试通过鼠标调节检测项的运动幅度来报告他们所记忆的生物运动幅度。实验1与2要求被试记忆1、2、3或6个不同运动幅度的生物运动,以探讨工作记忆负荷对所存储生物运动精度的调节作用。实验1给被试充足的记忆编码时间(每个生物运动1秒),发现随着记忆的生物运动数目增加,生物运动的工作记忆精度不断下降,与卡槽-平均理论(slot-averagingtheory)不符,而同资源理论(resource theory)的预测一致。实验2中将记忆编码时间设为1秒,进一步检验记忆负荷对生物运动工作记忆精度的影响,发现生物运动的工作记忆精度仍随记忆负荷增加而下降,呈现出与实验1相同的结果模式。实验3在实验1与2基础上,探究了负性情绪状态对生物运动工作记忆精度的影响。实验中首先唤起被试的负性或者中性情绪状态,随后要求被试完成生物运动的工作记忆精度任务。结果发现,情绪状态未显著影响生物运动的工作记忆精度。本研究得出以下结论:(1)生物运动工作记忆精度受记忆负荷调节,随记忆负荷增加而下降。(2)负性情绪状态不影响生物运动工作记忆的精度。
[Abstract]:Biological movement is a continuous movement of organism in time and space, which conveys abundant social information. In recent years, researchers have made a fruitful study on the processing mechanism of biological movement in working memory. But these studies have focused on the storage of information by working memory for different types of biological movements, mainly on storage numbers and quantity.However, The processing of biological motion information by working memory includes two different aspects: the number of storage and the quality or quality of storage. No research has been done to study the storage accuracy of biological motion in working memory. This study is based on working memory load for the first time. The adjustment of storage accuracy and the effect of emotional state on storage accuracy, The storage accuracy of biological motion in working memory was studied systematically. This study includes three experiments. Subjects were asked to report the range of biological movements they remembered by mouse adjustment. Experiments 1 and 2 required participants to remember 1, 2, 2, 3 or 6 biological movements with different motion ranges. In order to investigate the effect of working memory load on the memory accuracy of stored organisms, experiment 1 gave the subjects sufficient memory coding time (1 seconds per biological movement), and it was found that the number of biological movements of memory increased with the increase of the number of biological movements in memory. The working memory precision of biological movement is declining, which is not consistent with the slot-average theory (slot-average theory) and the prediction of resource theory. Experiment 2 sets the memory coding time to 1 seconds. The effect of memory load on the working memory accuracy of biological movement was further examined. It was found that the working memory accuracy of biological movement decreased with the increase of memory load, and showed the same result pattern as that of experiment 1. Experiment 3 was based on experiments 1 and 2. The effects of negative emotional state on the working memory accuracy of biological movement were investigated. In the experiment, the negative or neutral emotional state of the subjects was first aroused, and then the subjects were asked to complete the task of working memory precision of biological movement. Emotional state did not significantly affect the working memory accuracy of biological movement. The following conclusions are drawn: 1) the working memory accuracy of biological movement is regulated by memory load. The negative emotional state did not affect the precision of working memory.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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