大学生权力感知匹配对人际交往的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 23:20

本文选题：权力特质　切入点：权力感知　出处：《四川师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：心理学把权力界定为通过资源的控制和支配对他人产生影响的一种能力。传统的权力相互依赖理论认为权力是一种相互依赖的关系,低权力特质者对高权力特质者越依赖,后者的权力感知越高；经典的权力接近-回避理论认为高低不同的权力感知对个体的行为、情感和认知分别产生促进和抑制的作用。通过文献查阅发现在中国大学生的人群中,一些心理问题的产生与个体对权威的负性情绪有关,如家长、老师批评指责会增加个体的焦虑、抑郁、不完美感、自我否定、羞怯和孤独感。这些研究经常把权力看做一个固定的特质变量（本身的权力感觉）或情境变量（启动条件下的权力感觉),方法普遍采用问卷测量,得出的结果主要是综述性的。为此我们引入管理学中匹配的概念,考察个体本身所具有的权力特质与所处环境赋予的权力之间关系匹配性是否会对个体的行为和认知会造成影响？如果是,这些影响效果是怎样的,是积极还是消极？本文主要通过两个实验考察权力感知匹配条件下和不匹配条件下的自我表现和人际交往,以此验证以下假设：当外界启动与个体本身权力感知相匹配时,个体能更好的发挥自己的状态和特质,此时自我表现的满意度和人际交往倾向就越高；当个体处于不匹配条件时,个体体验到更多的冲突和失衡,内心真实的态度和想法难以顺畅的表达,对自我表现评价较低,同时交往意向降低；人与人之间的相互交往也是一种感知匹配,较高的人际交往意向发生在特质匹配的个体之间。本研究得出主要结论如下： (1)低权力特质者在匹配感知启动条件下的自我表现满意度高于不匹配感知启动条件下；高权力特质者在匹配感知启动条件下的自我表现满意度高于不匹配感知启动条件下。 (2)低权力特质者在匹配感知启动条件下的人际交往意向高于不匹配感知启动条件下；高权力特质者在匹配感知启动条件下的人际交往意向高于不匹配感知启动条件下。 (3)权力启动条件下,相异特质者之间的人际交往意向好于相同特质者。 (4)得到反馈分数后,相同特质者之间更愿意与对方交往,相异特质者之间不愿意与对方交往。
[Abstract]:Psychology defines power as the ability to influence others through the control and control of resources. The traditional theory of power interdependence holds that power is a kind of interdependent relationship. The power perception of the latter is higher; the classical theory of power proximity-avoidance holds that different levels of power perception can promote and suppress individual behavior, emotion and cognition respectively. Through literature review, it is found that in the Chinese college students' population, different levels of power perception play an important role in promoting and suppressing the individual's behavior, emotion and cognition. Some psychological problems are related to the negative emotions of the individual towards authority, such as parents and teachers criticizing blame can increase the individual's anxiety, depression, imperfect feeling, self-negation, Shyness and loneliness. These studies often view power as a fixed trait variable (its own sense of power) or as a situational variable (sense of power under priming conditions). The results are mainly summarized. For this reason, we introduce the concept of matching in management. Whether the relationship between the power characteristics of the individual and the power given by the environment will affect the behavior and cognition of the individual? If so, what are the effects, positive or negative? In this paper, two experiments were conducted to examine the self-expression and interpersonal interaction under the condition of power perception matching and mismatch, so as to verify the following hypotheses: when the outside world starts matching with the individual's own power perception, The higher the satisfaction and interpersonal tendency of self-expression, the more conflict and imbalance the individual can experience when he is in mismatch condition. The attitude and thought of inner reality are difficult to express smoothly, the evaluation of self-performance is low, and the communication intention is decreased. The interaction between people is also a kind of perceptual match. The main conclusions of this study are as follows:. (1) the self-performance satisfaction of the low power trait was higher than that of the mismatched perception priming, and the self-performance satisfaction of the high power trait was higher than that of the mismatched perceptual priming. (2) the interpersonal communication intention of the low power trait was higher than that of the mismatched perception priming condition, and the interpersonal communication intention of the high power trait person was higher than that of the mismatched perception priming condition under the matching perception priming condition. 3) under the condition of power priming, the interpersonal communication intention between different traits is better than that of the same trait. 4) after receiving the feedback score, people with the same characteristics are more willing to interact with each other, and those with different characteristics are more reluctant to interact with each other.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.2

【参考文献】