青少年心理危机预警的调查研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 02:36

本文选题：青少年心理危机　切入点：心理健康　出处：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究收集了2016年4月-2017年1月期间在广州市中小学就读的前往广州市未成年人心理咨询与援助中心寻求心理咨询的心理危机中的青少年(年龄为10-18岁的,在生活中遇到各类自身无法应对的事件,并对心理造成困扰,出现情绪和行为问题,向专业咨询机构寻求心理援助的青少年。)160名和对照组青少年(随机抽取广州市的在校中学生)189名,获得他们的人口学信息资料、家庭状况、在校状况和心理健康、童年经历、情绪、生活事件、人格、应对方式等资料。通过对心理危机中的青少年和对照组青少年的心理健康水平和心理特征的对比,结果表明,(1)心理危机中的青少年中,女性的心理健康得分高于男性(t=-3.79,p0.05);(2)心理危机中的青少年心理健康总分显著高于对照组青少年(t=4.06,p0.05);(3)在童年经历、焦虑情绪、负性生活事件方面,心理危机中的青少年在得分均显著高于对照组青少年(t=4.67,p0.05;t=4.70,p0.05;t=4.63,p0.05);(4)心理危机中的青少年和对照组青少年在心理健康,以及心理健康的分量表:“人际焦虑”、“孤独倾向”、“身体症状”、“恐怖倾向”四个方面差异显著。且,它们与心理特征(理健康、童年经历、情绪、生活事件、人格、应对方式)的多元线性回归结果为:(5)焦虑、情绪稳定性、内外向、情绪指向的应对四个预测变量对心理健康有显著影响;(6)内外向、情绪稳定性、情绪指向的应对三个预测变量对“人际焦虑”有显著影响;(7)情绪稳定性、内外向、精神质、抑郁四个预测变量对“孤独倾向”有显著影响;(8)情绪稳定性、幼稚性、焦虑、童年经历、精神质五个预测变量对“身体症状”有显著影响;(9)情绪稳定性、童年经历对“冲动倾向”有显著影响(10)心理健康、问题指向的应对、焦虑可以预测是否寻求心理咨询。通过以上研究结果可以得出以下结论,(1)心理危机中的青少年在心理健康和心理特征方面和对照组青少年有显著差异;(2)心理危机严重影响青少年心理健康;青少年心理危机的预警指标:心理健康总分超过64分、心理健康分量表“人际焦虑”大于8分、心理健康分量表“孤独倾向”大于8分、心理健康分量表“身体症状”大于8分、心理健康分量表“冲动倾向”大于8分。当满足这5项中的任何一项时,青少年个体就发生了心理危机;(3)心理危机的预测因素有:童年经历、情绪稳定性、内外向、焦虑、应对方式等。最后,本研究根据以上实证研究结果,提出了青少年个体心理危机的预警体系。
[Abstract]:This study collected adolescents (aged 10-18 years) in crisis who attended primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou from April 2016 to January 2017 to seek psychological counseling at the Guangzhou Center for Psychological Counseling and Assistance for minors. In life, they encounter all kinds of events that they cannot cope with, and cause psychological distress, emotional and behavioral problems, A total of 160 adolescents seeking psychological assistance from specialized counseling institutions and a control group (189 middle school students in Guangzhou were randomly selected to obtain demographic information, family status, school status and mental health, childhood experience, etc.). Data on emotion, Life events, Personality, coping Styles. By comparing the mental health level and psychological characteristics of adolescents in psychological crisis with those in control group, the results show that (1) among adolescents in psychological crisis, The score of mental health of female was higher than that of male.) the total score of mental health of adolescent in psychological crisis was significantly higher than that in control group (4.06%, p 0.05)) in the aspects of childhood experience, anxiety, negative life events, the total score of female mental health was significantly higher than that of the control group. The scores of adolescents in psychological crisis were significantly higher than those in the control group. There are significant differences in four aspects of mental health: interpersonal anxiety, loneliness, physical symptoms, and terror. And they are associated with psychological traits (mental health, childhood experience, emotion, life events, personality, etc.). Coping style) multiple linear regression results showed that: 5) anxiety, emotional stability, introversion and extroversion of coping variables had significant effects on mental health. The three predictive variables of emotion direction had significant influence on interpersonal anxiety (7) emotional stability, introversion, psychoticism and depression had significant effects on "loneliness tendency" (4) emotional stability, childish, anxiety, etc. Childhood experience, five predictors of mental quality had significant effects on "physical symptoms" (9) emotional stability, childhood experience on "impulsive tendency" significantly affected 10) mental health, problem-oriented coping, Anxiety can predict whether to seek psychological counseling. From the above results, we can draw the following conclusions: 1) there are significant differences in mental health and psychological characteristics between the adolescents in psychological crisis and those in the control group (2) psychological crisis. Seriously affecting the mental health of adolescents; Early warning index of adolescent psychological crisis: total score of mental health exceeded 64, mental health subscale "interpersonal anxiety" > 8, mental health subscale "loneliness tendency" > 8, mental health subscale "loneliness tendency" > 8 points, mental health subscale "interpersonal anxiety" > 8 points, The mental health subscale "physical symptoms" is more than 8 points, and the mental health subscale "impulse tendency" is more than 8 points. The predictors of psychological crisis are childhood experience, emotional stability, introversion and extroversion, anxiety, coping style and so on. The early warning system of individual psychological crisis of teenagers is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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