完美主义倾向、时间距离和可控性影响后悔的实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 23:07

本文选题：完美主义倾向　切入点：时间距离　出处：《河北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：后悔是我们日常生活中经常体验到的负性情绪之一，每个人在生活中都或多或少地体验到后悔，后悔小则影响我们的心情，大则扰乱我们的正常生活。完美主义倾向较高的个体往往在生活中对自己各方面的要求都比较严格，一旦事件的发展结果没有达到自己预期的目标就更加容易自责，产生强烈的后悔情绪。研究表明完美主义倾向水平不同的个体体验到的后悔程度不同，完美主义倾向高的个体后悔情绪更强，不同的时间距离和可控性条件下，个体的后悔程度也存在差异。沿着上述研究思路，本文从时间距离和可控性（也就是指个体事前对事件具不具有控制权，，个体是主动选择还是被动接受了之后的结果，分为主动性和被动性两极对个体后悔情绪的影响）两个方面探讨完美主义倾向不同的个体的后悔情绪的差异。本研究采用三因素混合实验设计和传统研究后悔的情景模拟法，研究结果如下： 1、后悔情绪受个体完美主义倾向特质的影响，完美主义倾向高的个体在遇到了不满意的结果时后悔程度更加强烈，而完美主义倾向低的个体的后悔情绪体验则没有那么强烈。 2、不同时间距离影响个体体验到的后悔情绪存在差异，近期时间距离条件下被试体验到的后悔程度更加强烈。 3、主动性条件和被动性条件对被试接受到不满意结果时的后悔情绪体验的影响存在显著差异，被试在主动性的条件下也就是被试在事先可以控制、能自己做出选择的情况下体验到的后悔情绪更加强烈。 4、完美主义倾向与时间距离存在交互作用，完美主义倾向高的个体，时间距离对个体后悔情绪的影响存在显著差异，近期时间距离条件下个体体验到的后悔情绪程度更大；完美主义倾向低的个体，时间距离对个体后悔情绪的影响不存在显著差异。远期时间距离条件下，完美主义倾向高低对后悔情绪的体验影响不存在显著差异；近期时间距离条件下，完美主义倾向高低对其体验到后悔程度的影响存在差异，完美主义倾向高的个体体验到的后悔情绪更加强烈。 5、时间距离与可控性条件存在交互作用，在远期时间距离条件下，可控性对个体体验到的后悔情绪的影响存在显著差异，主动性条件下被试体验到的后悔程度更加强烈；在近期时间距离条件下，主动性和被动性对个体体验到的后悔情绪的影响没有差异。被动选择条件与主动选择条件相比，远期和近期时间距离所引起的后悔情绪差异要更为明显。
[Abstract]:It is one of the negative emotions that often experience in our daily life, in the life of every person are more or less experienced regret, regret will affect our mood, will disturb our normal life. The perfectionism tendency of higher individuals in the life of the self in all aspects of the requirements are very strict, once the development of events results did not achieve their expected goals will be much easier to blame, have a strong feeling of regret. The research showed that the degree of regret perfectionism, different levels of the individual to experience different perfectionism tendency of individuals with high regret stronger, different time distance and controllable conditions, regret degree of individual differences. Along the above research, this paper from the time distance and controllability (also refers to the individual prior to event does not have control, the individual is active or be selected Accept after the results into effect of active and passive poles of individual emotional difference regret regret) two aspects of perfectionism of different individual emotions. This study used three factors mixed experimental design and Research on traditional regret scene simulation method, the results are as follows:
1, regret is influenced by the trait of individual perfectionism. The individuals with perfectionism tend to have more regret when they are not satisfied with the results, while those with low perfectionism tend to have less intense experience.
2, there are different regrets affecting individual experiences at different time distances, and the degree of regrets experienced by the subjects under the conditions of short time distance is more intense.
3, active and passive conditions conditions on the subjects received unsatisfactory results when the impact of regret the emotional experience of the existence of significant differences, participants in the initiative under the condition of being in advance can be controlled, can choose their own circumstances to experience regret more strongly.
4, the interaction between perfectionism and time distance, perfectionism tendency of individuals with high time distance regret influence on individual differences, the near temporal distance under the condition of individual experience to regret more; a low perfectionism, regret the time distance effect on individual differences did not exist. Long time distance, perfectionism level of regret experience effect does not exist significant differences; the near temporal distance under the condition of perfectionism level of its experience to regret the influence of differences in individuals with high perfectionism tendency to experience regret more strongly.
5, the interaction between time and distance controllable condition in time under the condition of long-term distance, controllability of the individual to experience regret the emotional impact of the existence of significant differences, the initiative condition was regret to experience more intense; in the near temporal distance condition, active and passive on individual experience regret does not affect the difference. Compared with the active passive choice condition choose the conditions caused by long-term and short-term time distance to regret the difference is more obvious.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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