记忆的动态变化:记忆的编码、巩固和遗忘

发布时间：2018-03-30 06:20

本文选题：记忆　切入点：编码　出处：《科学通报》2016年01期

【摘要】：人类对记忆的研究已经有一个多世纪之久.海马是记忆形成的重要脑结构,新形成的记忆在海马中编码后,经过巩固而得以保持.经典记忆模型认为记忆在巩固后愈发稳定,但近期研究发现,巩固不是一次性过程,伴随着记忆提取或再次激活,巩固好的记忆也会重新回到不稳定状态,需要再次被巩固,即再巩固.再巩固过程的发现揭示了记忆的可塑性,为破坏或更新旧记忆提供了研究窗口.本文从时间维度,针对记忆发生的全过程,即记忆的编码,巩固、再巩固,直至记忆的遗忘,介绍记忆加工过程对应的神经机制,讨论当前的研究进展并展望未来的研究方向.
[Abstract]:Human memory has been studied for more than a century. The hippocampus is an important brain structure for memory formation. The newly formed memory is encoded in the hippocampus and preserved after consolidation. The classical memory model believes that memory becomes more stable after consolidation. But recent research has found that consolidation is not a one-off process. With memory extraction or reactivation, consolidated memories return to unstable states and need to be consolidated again. The discovery of the process of re-consolidation reveals the plasticity of memory and provides a window for the study of destroying or updating old memory. This paper aims at the whole process of memory occurrence, namely, the coding, consolidation, and consolidation of memory, from the time dimension. Until the memory is forgotten, the neural mechanism of memory processing is introduced, the current research progress is discussed and the future research direction is prospected.
【作者单位】：北京大学心理学系机器感知与智能教育部重点实验室行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室;清华-北大生命科学联合中心北京大学交叉科学研究院;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB351800) 国家自然科学基金(31371054) 国家社会科学基金(12AZD116)资助
【分类号】：B842.3

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