9-36个月婴幼儿与其母亲依恋水平的干预研究—通过母亲敏感性训练

发布时间：2018-04-02 16:37

本文选题：母婴依恋　切入点：母亲敏感性　出处：《河北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：依恋作为婴儿与母亲之间形成的一种特殊的情感联结，是儿童早期生活中最重要的社会关系,也是个体社会性发展的开端和组成部分。研究表明,早期安全的依恋关系不仅有利于儿童身心的健康发展以及社会化的顺利进行,而且直接影响个体成长过程中的人格完善。对婴儿信号的敏感性，将会直接影响到母婴之间交流沟通质量的好坏。母亲对孩子的信号非常敏感,并做出及时而适当的反应,能够从孩子的角度看问题,对他的信号和信息的理解并不被她自己的需要和防御歪曲,能熟练的读懂孩子的信号和信息,被称为母亲敏感性。如果母亲通常不能适当而及时的对孩子的信号做出反应,不能和孩子亲密互动，即在孩子需要母亲协助时得不到及时回应，不能从孩子的角度看问题，被称为不敏感。对婴儿信号敏感，将会提高儿童探索世界的积极性，对其思维发展具有促进作用，，如果对婴儿信号不敏感，将严重阻碍孩子的主动探索和动手能力，阻碍其健康成长。父母的敏感性是依恋安全性的重要而可靠的预测源，且抚养者的敏感性是可以改变的，而儿童依恋类型很大程度上又受其抚养者对自身信号反应的敏感性影响。本研究从石家庄市某早教机构选取9-36个月母婴对15组，采用实验组、控制组前后测的准实验设计模式，通过团体辅导课和电话追踪访谈的方式对实验组的母亲敏感性进行干预训练，并通过干预母亲敏感性检验母婴依恋水平是否显著提高。通过数据分析和对干预效果的调查，得出以下结论：（1）本研究使用的团体辅导的干预模式能有效地提高母亲在亲子互动中的敏感性，继而提高幼儿的安全依恋水平；（2）本研究使用的团体辅导的干预模式能有效提高母亲对婴幼儿信号的敏感性,对婴幼儿信号的反应更加恰当及时；（3）本研究使用的团体辅导的干预模式能改善母亲与婴幼儿的合作行为，对婴幼儿的阻碍行为显著减少；（4）本研究使用的团体辅导的干预模式能促使母亲在亲子互动中对婴幼儿的亲近行为更加及时和适当；（5）本研究使用的团体辅导的干预模式能有效地增加母亲在亲子互动中对幼儿的积极关注和接纳，提高幼儿的安全依恋水平。
[Abstract]:Attachment, as a special emotional connection between infant and mother, is the most important social relationship in children's early life, and it is also the beginning and component of individual social development.The research shows that the early safe attachment relationship is not only conducive to the healthy development of children's body and mind and the smooth progress of socialization, but also has a direct impact on the improvement of personality in the process of individual growth.Sensitivity to infant signals will directly affect the quality of communication between mother and child.The mother is very sensitive to the child's signals and responds in a timely and appropriate manner, able to look at the problem from the child's point of view, and her understanding of his signals and information is not distorted by her own needs and defences,The ability to read children's signals and information skillfully is called mother sensitivity.If the mother is usually unable to respond appropriately and promptly to the child's signal and to interact closely with the child, it is called insensitive when the child needs the help of the mother and cannot see the problem from the child's point of view.Sensitivity to infant signals will increase the enthusiasm of children to explore the world and promote the development of their thinking. If not sensitive to infant signals, it will seriously hinder children's active exploration and hands-on ability, and hinder their healthy growth.The sensitivity of parents is an important and reliable predictor of attachment safety, and the sensitivity of the dependent can be changed, and the type of child attachment is largely affected by the sensitivity of their dependents to their own signal response.In this study, 15 groups were selected from an early education institution in Shijiazhuang City for 9-36 months. The experimental group, the control group and the control group were used as the quasi-experimental design model before and after the test.The sensitivity of mothers in the experimental group was trained by group counseling and telephone tracking interview, and the maternal and infant attachment level was significantly improved by intervention of maternal sensitivity.Through data analysis and a survey of the effectiveness of the intervention, the following conclusions have been drawn:1) the intervention model of group counseling used in this study can effectively improve the sensitivity of mothers in parent-child interaction, and then improve the level of safe attachment of young children;2) the intervention model of group counseling used in this study can effectively improve the sensitivity of mothers to infant signals, and the response to infant signals is more appropriate and timely;3) the intervention model of group counseling used in this study can improve the cooperative behavior of mother and infant, and reduce the hindrance behavior of infants.4) the intervention model of group counseling used in this study can promote the mother's closeness to infants and children in parent-child interaction in a more timely and appropriate manner.5) the intervention model of group counseling used in this study can effectively increase the mothers' positive attention and acceptance of children in parent-child interaction, and improve the level of children's safety attachment.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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