高中生身体意象现状调查及注意偏向和干预研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 21:20

本文选题：高中生　切入点：身体意象　出处：《江西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：身体意象是个体在自我发展过程中逐渐产生的对于自己身体的感知,并不断进行社会比较和自我评价形成对自己身体的某种情感和态度。消极身体意象者由于审美观和自我身体认知的偏差会引起心理烦恼、对自己身体的消极情绪甚至许多如低自尊、低效能感、焦虑、抑郁、饮食紊乱这样的心理和行为问题。本研究共分三个部分。首先以江西省735名高中学生为调查对象,采用Marsh教授编制,徐培和李安民修订的《身体自我描述问卷》PSDQ量表调查高中生的身体意象特点;然后分别筛选出积极身体意象被试和消极身体意象被试各30名进行点探测实验,以此来比较积极和消极身体意象者注意偏向的空间特点;最后,基于前两个研究得出的高中生身体意象水平和消极组的信息加工特点,采用随机分组的方法将消极身体意象者分为实验组和控制组并通过想象放松训练、审美教育、合理信念教育等以认知干预为主的措施来进行有效干预的探讨。研究结果如下:(1)高中生总体身体意象处于中等程度。被试在各维度上满意度由高到低的顺序为:身体体脂、身体健康、身体自尊、身体外表、整体身体、身体灵活、身体协调、运动能力、身体力量、身体耐力、身体活动。(2)高中生身体意象存在显著的性别差异。相对于男生,女生在总体和各个维度上表现出的身体满意程度均更低。(3)高中生身体意象除了运动能力维度外,在总体和身体体脂等其他维度上均无明显的年龄差异。(4)点探测实验中发现,身体意象消极的被试存在对身体和食物词的选择性注意偏向。(5)本研究设计的干预措施效果较好,实验组被试的身体灵活、整体身体、身体自尊、身体外表、身体协调五个维度的满意度都有所改善。
[Abstract]:Body image is an individual's perception of his body in the process of self-development, and social comparison and self-evaluation to form a certain emotion and attitude towards his body.Negative body imagers may cause psychological trouble due to the deviation of aesthetic perception and self-body cognition, and even many psychological and behavioral problems such as low self-esteem, low efficacy, anxiety, depression, eating disorder and so on.This study is divided into three parts.Firstly, 735 senior middle school students in Jiangxi Province were investigated with the PSDQ scale, compiled by Professor Marsh and revised by Xu Pei and Li Anmin, to investigate the body image characteristics of high school students.Then, 30 subjects with positive body image and 30 subjects with negative body image were selected to carry out spot detection experiments to compare the spatial characteristics of attention bias between positive and negative body imagers.Based on the level of body image of senior high school students and the characteristics of information processing in negative group, the negative body imagers were divided into experimental group and control group by the method of random grouping, and the aesthetic education was carried out through imagination relaxation training.Rational belief education and other measures such as cognitive intervention to explore effective intervention.The results are as follows: 1) the overall body image of high school students is at the medium level.The order of satisfaction from high to low in each dimension was: body fat, body health, body self-esteem, body appearance, whole body, body flexibility, body coordination, movement ability, body strength, physical endurance.Physical activity. 2) there are significant gender differences in body image of senior high school students.Compared with boys, girls showed lower degree of physical satisfaction in overall and every dimension.) the body image of high school students was not only the dimension of sports ability, but also the dimension of sports ability.There was no significant age difference in the whole and other dimensions such as body fat. The results showed that the subjects with negative body image had a selective attention bias to body and food words.) the intervention measures designed in this study were effective.In the experimental group, the satisfaction of the five dimensions of flexibility, whole body, self-esteem, body appearance and body coordination were all improved.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B842

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