不同依恋风格者对情绪性信息的注意偏向及其时间进程特点的研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 14:54

本文选题：依恋风格　切入点：情绪图片　出处：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：依恋风格是个体与依恋对象在长期交往中所形成的系统性的情感和行为模式。关于成人依恋风格以及与之相应的依恋策略的理论探讨,激发了大量的实证研究。近年来随着依恋的信息加工差异在很多研究中被强调,注意对依恋系统的影响显得更为重要,因此越来越多的研究开始关注不同依恋风格者的注意偏向。目前对不同依恋风格者注意偏向的实证研究还存在几个问题：第一,对不同依恋风格者的注意偏向的研究结果存在不一致。第二,运用维度划分讨论依恋者的个体差异,少有研究者探讨高焦虑高回避的恐惧型依恋风格个体的注意偏向特点。第三,不同依恋风格者的注意偏向可能具有时程特点。因此本研究将采用目前广泛使用的依恋测量工具ECR作为划分被试的依据,根据以往研究,将依据被试在回避和焦虑维度上的得分高低,把被试划分为四种不同依恋风格类型,同时采用空间线索范式来研究不同依恋风格个体注意偏向的时间进程特点(早期：100ms、中期：500ms、晚期：1250ms)。实验一研究不同依恋风格个体对情绪图片的注意偏向的时间进程特点。研究发现,在不同的时间进程上,不同依恋风格个体对情绪性图片的注意偏向有差异。(1)当时程为100ms时,回避型个体对正性和负性图片出现了注意偏向,具体表现为对正性图片注意警觉,对负性图片注意脱离困难；恐惧型个体对负性刺激注意脱离困难。(2)当时程为500ms时,焦虑型个体对负性图片有明显的注意偏向,表现为注意脱离困难。(3)当时程为1250ms时,恐惧型个体对负性图片注意脱离困难；回避型依恋对正性和负性图片均出现注意回避。实验一采用情绪图片作为刺激材料,主要体现回避型个体对负性刺激的注意回避,以及对正性刺激由警觉到回避的注意过程。然而,图片材料只能部分反应不同个体对情绪信息的加工,面孔信息包含了更多的社会信息,有助于进一步验证回避型依恋个体对社会性情绪信息的注意偏向由警觉到回避的过程。实验二采用面孔情绪为材料,进一步探究不同依恋个体的注意偏向时程特点。研究发现,在不同时间进程上,不同依恋风格个体对面孔情绪的注意加工也存在差异。(1)当时程为100ms时,回避型个体对正性和负性面孔同样出现了注意偏向,表现出对正性面孔的注意警觉,以及对负性面孔注意脱离困难;恐惧型个体对负性面孔注意脱离困难。(2)当时程为500ms时,焦虑型个体对正性面孔存在注意偏向,表现出警觉。(3)当时程为1250ms时,回避型个体对负性情绪面孔存在注意回避。综上可见,在早期阶段(100ms),回避型个体对正性情绪刺激(图片和面孔)注意警觉；回避依恋和恐惧依恋的个体对负性情绪信息(图片和面孔)均表现出注意脱离困难。而随着时间推进,回避型依恋个体在1250ms晚期表现出对正性情绪图片和负性刺激的回避。焦虑依恋个体对正性面孔的注意偏向为“警觉—回避”。本研究通过图片和面孔两种材料部分证明了不安全依恋个体注意加工的特点,同时发现了焦虑型个体和回避型个体的“警觉-回避”的注意加工特点。
[Abstract]:Attachment style is individual and attachment objects in the formation of long-term relationships in the system of emotion and behavior patterns. Discussion on adult attachment style and the corresponding theoretical attachment strategy, inspired a lot of empirical research. In recent years, with the information processing of different attachment are emphasized in many studies, pay attention to the influence of attachment the system is more important, so more and more researchers begin to pay attention to the different attachment styles of attentional bias. The different attachment style is also a few problems: first, an empirical study on the bias bias of different attachment style that results are not consistent. Second, using the dimension division to discuss individual differences attachment, less bias of high anxiety fear avoidance attachment style individual researchers. Third different attachment styles of attentional bias May have the characteristics of the time. This study will use the currently widely used tool for measuring ECR attachment were chosen as the basis, according to the previous studies, according to the subjects in the avoidance and anxiety score level, the subjects were divided into four different types of attachment style, at the same time to study the different attachment styles individual attention time course of bias using spatial cueing paradigm (early: 100ms, 500ms, 1250ms: mid late). A experimental study on time course characteristics of different attachment styles individual attention to emotional pictures bias. The study found that at different times, different attachment styles individual attention to emotional bias differences. (1) time is 100ms, the individual avoidant attentional bias for positive and negative pictures, the specific performance of attention to positive images of the negative pictures attentional disengagement ; fear of negative stimulus type individual attentional disengagement. (2) when the process is 500ms, anxiety individuals have significant attentional bias to negative pictures showed attentional disengagement. (3) the process of 1250ms, fear of negative images of individual attentional disengagement; avoidance of attachment positive and negative pictures are pay attention to avoid. The emotional pictures as stimuli, mainly reflects the individual avoidant of negative stimulus attention to positive stimulus avoidance, as well as by the alert to the attention process avoided. However, only part of the anti picture materials should be different for individual processing emotional information, including face information the more social information, help to further verify the avoidant attachmentindividuals attention to social emotional information to avoid bias by alert process. Experiment two used facial emotion as materials, to further explore the different attachment Individual attention bias characteristics of the time. The study found that in different time course, pay attention to processing different attachment styles of individual facial emotions are also different. (1) the process of 100ms, avoidant individuals on positive and negative faces appeared in the same attention bias, showing the alert to the positive face well, the face of negative attentional disengagement; fearful individuals face of negative attentional disengagement. (2) the history of 500ms, anxiety type attentional bias to the positive face, showing the alert. (3) when the process is 1250ms, to avoid individuals of negative emotional faces exist pay attention to avoid. Therefore, in the early stage (100ms), avoidant individuals to positive emotional stimuli (image and face) alert; avoidant attachment attachment and fear of the individuals to the negative emotion information (pictures and faces) showed attentional disengagement with. Time, avoidant attachment individuals showed avoidance of positive images and negative stimuli in the late 1250ms. Attachment anxiety individual attention to the positive face of the bias for "vigilance avoidance". This study through pictures and faces two kinds of materials have proved insecure attachment individual attention processing characteristics, also found that the anxiety individuals and avoidant individuals "vigilance avoidance" attention processing characteristics.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B842

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