矿山救援人员心理应激模式研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 18:57

本文选题：矿山救援人员　切入点：调查问卷　出处：《华北科技学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对矿山救援环境危险复杂、意外因素多变、救援人员自身伤亡事故多发等特殊难题，提出了改善矿山救援人员心理应激模式以减少救援人员伤亡、提升救援战斗力的新思路。心理应激克服了目前矿山救护安全领域主要侧重于业务能力、技术装备、体能素质等研究，而针对安全心理研究较少的不足，从心理压力影响、表现形式、压力释放等方面，系统考虑救援人员心理生理特点，是大幅度降低救援人员自身伤亡的有效手段。本文重点研究了心理应激的机制、应激的产生与影响、心理应激的对策等。通过文献分析和现场调查，设计了矿山救援人员心理应激影响量表，编制了调查问卷，分别从心理应激源、应激反应、社会支持以及应对方式四个维度进行回归分析。通过实验研究了火灾、爆炸、水灾、烟雾等不同环境对心理应激的影响因素，找出了相应的应激源。心理应激源包含营救现场事件、其他工作事件两个部分；应激反应包含精神恍惚、植物神经紊乱、焦虑状态、身心失调、兴奋过度以及反应失调六个因子；社会支持包含熟人、社会人群、亲人以及师长四个因子；应对方式包含情绪发泄、主动消除、积极的活动、分散注意力、娱乐活动以及其他方式六个因子。最后，结合17个省（市区）的70多支救援队的大中队指挥员对相关事件情景的分析，提出了改善应激模式的措施。
[Abstract]:In view of the special problems such as complex rescue environment, changeable accident factors and frequent casualties among rescuers, this paper puts forward a new idea to improve the psychological stress mode of mine rescue workers in order to reduce the casualties of rescuers and enhance their fighting effectiveness.Psychological stress overcomes the current research in the field of mine rescue safety, which mainly focuses on professional ability, technical equipment, physical fitness and so on. However, in view of the lack of research on safety psychology, from the aspects of psychological pressure influence, manifestation, pressure release and so on,Considering the psychological and physiological characteristics of rescuers systematically, it is an effective method to reduce the casualties of rescuers.This paper focuses on the mechanism of psychological stress, the emergence and influence of stress, the countermeasures of psychological stress, etc.Based on the literature analysis and field investigation, the psychological stress impact scale for mine rescue workers was designed, and the questionnaire was compiled. The regression analysis was carried out from the four dimensions of psychological stress source, stress response, social support and coping style.The influence factors of fire, explosion, flood and smoke on psychological stress were studied, and the corresponding stressors were found out.Psychological stressors include rescue scene events, other work events, stress responses include trance, autonomic disorders, anxiety, physical and mental disorders, overstimulation and response disorders, and social support includes acquaintances.Social crowd, relatives and teachers; coping styles include emotional venting, active elimination, active activities, distraction, recreational activities and other six factors.Finally, based on the analysis of the relevant event scenarios by the commanders of more than 70 rescue teams in 17 provinces (urban areas), the measures to improve the stress model are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华北科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B845;TD773

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