6个月和9个月婴儿对本族和他族面孔分类知觉的发展

发布时间：2018-04-11 04:14

本文选题：婴儿 + 面孔种族分类知觉　；参考：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：面孔种族分类知觉是指个体能够将同一种族中的不同个体的面孔知觉为一个类别。研究发现,婴儿面孔种族分类知觉的发展是面孔加工知觉窄化的现象之一,受到面孔种族接触经验的影响。但是目前并不清楚经验对婴儿面孔种族分类知觉发展的影响机制。本研究利用眼动技术,运用习惯化-新异偏好范式,通过两个实验探索6个月和9个月中国婴儿基于本族(亚洲)和他族(非洲)(实验一)以及基于他族(非洲)和他族(高加索)(实验二)面孔分类知觉的发展。本研究主要解决以下三个问题:1)6个月和9个月中国婴儿基于本族和他族以及基于他族和他族的面孔分类知觉的发展是怎样的;2)6个月和9个月婴儿在形成不同种族面孔分类知觉过程中,是否在熟悉阶段和测试阶段形成对面孔一致的眼动扫描模式;3)6个月和9个月婴儿对面孔种族分类知觉绩效是否与其面孔眼动扫描模式相关。研究结果发现:1)基于本族和他族面孔分类知觉条件下,6个月和9个月的中国婴儿均能够形成本族和他族面孔的分类知觉。但是,在基于两个他族面孔分类知觉条件下,仅6个月婴儿能分别形成两个他族面孔的分类知觉,9个月婴儿则将这两个他族面孔知觉为一类。2)在面孔种族分类知觉形成过程中,婴儿在熟悉阶段和测试阶段对面孔形成的一致扫描模式存在年龄和种族差异。面孔种族分类知觉形成过程中,6个月婴儿在熟悉阶段和测试阶段均形成对面孔鼻子区域的一致的扫描模式,而9个月婴儿只有在形成本族面孔分类知觉时才形成对面孔鼻子区域的一致的扫描模式。3)在面孔种族分类知觉形成过程中,婴儿对面孔的分类知觉绩效与其在测试阶段对两种族面孔的眼动扫描差异有关,并且存在年龄和种族差异。具体表现为:不论基于本族和他族,还是基于他族和他族形成的面孔分类知觉中,6个月婴儿对面孔的分类知觉绩效均与其在测试阶段对面孔眼睛区域的眼动扫描差异有关;而9个月婴儿只有基于本族和他族面孔形成面孔种族分类知觉时,这两者才相关,并且存在种族差异,即形成本族面孔分类知觉时,9个月婴儿的面孔分类知觉绩效与其在测试阶段对面孔鼻子区域的眼动扫描差异有关,形成他族面孔分类知觉时,其分类知觉绩效与其在测试阶段对面孔眼睛区域的眼动扫描差异有关。综上所述,婴儿面孔种族分类知觉的发展受经验的影响,年幼婴儿以面孔特征的扫描模式为主形成面孔种族的分类知觉,而年长婴儿则以本族面孔鼻子为中心区域的扫描模式形成本族面孔的分类知觉,其分类知觉绩效与这一特有的扫描模式相关。
[Abstract]:The perception of racial classification of faces refers to the ability of individuals to classify the faces of different individuals in the same race into one category.It is found that the development of racial classification perception of face in infants is one of the phenomena of narrowing of face processing perception, which is influenced by the experience of face race contact.However, it is not clear how experience affects the development of racial classification perception of infants' faces.In this study, we use eye movement technology and customization-neo-heterodyne preference paradigm.Two experiments were conducted to explore the development of facial classification perception of Chinese infants at 6 and 9 months based on their own (Asia) and other (Africa 1) and other (Africa) and other (Caucasian) (experiment 2) faces.This study mainly solved the following three questions: 1) 6 and 9 months of Chinese infants based on their own and other race and based on the development of other and other ethnic groups of facial classification perception of the development) 6 months and 9 months of infants in the formation of different racesIn the process of face classification perception,Whether to form eye movement scan mode which is consistent with the face in the familiar stage and the test stage) 6 months and 9 months infants' perception of race classification of faces were correlated with the facial eye movement scanning mode.The results show that the Chinese infants of 6 and 9 months can form the classification perception of their own and other faces based on the classification perception of their own and other faces.However, under the condition of classification perception of two other faces, the infants of only 6 months can form the classification perception of two other faces respectively, and the infants of 9 months will classify the two other faces as a class. 2) in the process of formation of racial classification perception of faces,There were age and race differences in the consistent scan patterns of face formation between the familiarity stage and the test stage.During the formation of racial classification perception of faces, infants of 6 months developed a consistent scanning pattern of the face nose region in both the familiarity stage and the test stage.However, nine-month-old infants only formed a consistent scanning pattern of face nose area when they formed their own facial classification perception. 3) in the process of formation of facial racial classification perception,The performance of infants' classification perception of faces was related to the difference of eye movement scan between the two ethnic groups in the test stage, and there were age and race differences.The specific manifestations are as follows: whether based on or based on the facial classification perception, the performance of 6-month-old infants' perception of face classification is related to the difference of eye movement scanning in the eye area of the face during the testing stage.And nine-month-old babies only have racial classification perceptions of faces based on their own and other faces, and the two are related, and there are racial differences.That is to say, the performance of facial classification perception of 9-month-old infants is related to the difference of eye movement scanning in the face nose area in the test stage when forming the perception of facial classification of their own nationality, and when forming the perception of facial classification of other ethnic groups,The performance of classification perception was related to the difference of eye movement scanning in the face eye area during the test stage.To sum up, the development of infant racial classification perception of faces is influenced by experience. Young infants mainly form facial racial classification perception based on the scanning mode of facial features.The older infants' classification perception was formed by the scanning pattern with the nose of their own faces as the central region, and the classification perception performance was related to this unique scanning pattern.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.2

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