射箭训练对心理状态和认知能力的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 04:37

本文选题：射箭训练 + 心理状态　；参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有研究证明,运动训练可以提高和改善个体的心理状态和认知能力,如情绪、心理韧性、自我效能感、抑制控制能力等,并且这种能力的习得可以迁移到一般的生活经验中,对日常生活产生积极的影响。运动心理学以及运动神经科学的大量研究也发现,运动专家与新手在心理学和功能神经学之间存在显著差异。射箭是一种与心理因素和运动技能有很大关系的运动,并且大量研究证明了心理因素与射箭之间有密切关系。本研究通过心理测量和ERPs(Event Related Potentials)脑电技术考察有射箭训练经验的大学生和没有射箭训练经验的大学生在心理韧性、一般自我效能感、抑制控制、视觉选择注意等方面的差异,以此可以探究射箭训练是否对大学生的心理状态和认知功能产生影响,这一结果将会对运动作为认知干预手段提供重要的理论依据。本研究假设:(1)在心理测量中,射箭训练组被试在心理韧性的各个维度和一般自我效能感量表上的成绩均显著高于普通大学生组;(2)在辨别反应时任务中,具有射箭训练经验的大学生在反应时方面与没有射箭训练经验的大学生之间有明显的差异,并且射箭训练组被试的反应时显著小于普通大学生组;射箭训练组在P1、P3成分上的波幅显著小于普通大学生组,而在N2成分上的波幅显著大于普通大学生组;(3)在选择反应时任务中,两组被试的反应时存在明显差异,并且射箭训练组的反应时显著小于曹通大学生组;射箭训练组在P1和P3波上的振幅显著小丁普通大学生组,而在N2成分上的振幅则显著大于普通大学生组。根据研究结果可以得出以下结论:(1)射箭训练可以提高大学生的坚韧性水平和一般自我效能感;(2)在反应速度方面,参加射箭训练的个体在完成较难任务上的反应速度更快;(3)在刺激的辨别反应中,射箭训练组在视觉注意早期投入的注意资源更少,并且表现出更高的抑制控制能力;(4)射箭训练组被试在刺激的识别与注意资源的利用率方面有明显优势。
[Abstract]:Studies have shown that exercise training can improve and improve the mental state and cognitive abilities of individuals, such as emotion, mental resilience, self-efficacy, inhibition of control, and so on, and the acquisition of this ability can be transferred to the general life experience.Have a positive impact on daily life.A large number of studies in sports psychology and motor neuroscience have also found that there are significant differences between sports experts and novices in psychology and functional neurology.Archery is a sport which is closely related to psychological factors and motor skills, and a large number of studies have proved that there is a close relationship between psychological factors and archery.The differences of mental toughness, general self-efficacy, inhibition control, visual selective attention between college students with archery training experience and those without archery training experience were investigated by psychological measurement and ERPs(Event Related potentials.It is possible to explore whether archery training has an effect on the psychological state and cognitive function of college students. This result will provide an important theoretical basis for sports as a cognitive intervention.In this study, we hypothesized that the scores of subjects in the archery training group in each dimension of mental toughness and general self-efficacy scale were significantly higher than those in the normal college students group in the psychological measurement.There were significant differences in response time between the college students with archery training experience and those without archery training experience, and the reaction time of the archery training group was significantly lower than that of the ordinary college students.The amplitude of P3 component in archery training group was significantly lower than that in normal college students group, while the amplitude in N2 component was significantly higher than that in normal college students group (3) in the task of selecting reaction time, there was significant difference between the two groups in response time.The response time of archery training group was significantly lower than that of Cao Tong college students group, and the amplitude of P1 and P3 waves in archery training group was significantly higher than that in ordinary college students group, but the amplitude in N2 component was significantly higher than that in ordinary college students group.Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) archery training can improve the resilience and general self-efficacy of college students in terms of response speed.Individuals who took part in archery training responded more quickly to difficult tasks. (3) in the discrimination response to stimulation, the archery training group invested less attention resources at the early stage of visual attention.It also showed higher inhibition and control ability. The archery training group had obvious advantages in the recognition of stimulation and the utilization of attention resources.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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