经济状况对公正世界信念激活状态的影响

发布时间：2018-04-21 22:40

本文选题：无辜受害者 + 经济状况　；参考：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：公正世界信念是指人们需要相信自己生活的世界是公正的,是善恶有报的。当这种信念遭受不公正事件的威胁时,人们会通过各种策略去维护它,因为它为人们提供了一种安全感,使人们相信自己会被公正地对待,并对未来充满信心。仇富现象是一种客观存在的社会现象。有学者指出,仇富的本质其实是仇不公,因为诸多因素致使得人们将部分富人制造的不公与富人这个概念联系在一起,从而产生了对富人概念的污名效应。本研究从公正世界信念的结构、量表、功能及研究趋势等方面对其进行了系统归纳,并展开了两项实验研究,以验证“富”与“不公”的内在联系。在两个实验中,被试都是阅读文段,然后完成修订的Stroop任务。实验一的主要目的是考察无辜受害者的经济状况对被试公正世界信念激活状态的影响。结果表明,当被试面对无辜受害者的时候,无论是贫穷还是富有的,他们辨认公正词颜色的时间均显著长于辨认中性词颜色的时间,即其公正世界信念受到了激活；但是在不同经济状况组的被试,辨认公正词颜色的时间没有显著差异,即公正世界信念所受威胁程度没有显著差异。实验二的主要目的是考察在事故责任未明时,当事一方的经济状况对被试公正世界信念激活状态的影响。结果表明,在事故责任未明时,当材料中的当事一方经济状况很好时,被试辨认公正词语颜色的反应时间显著长于辨认中性词语的时间,其它情况下则没有显著差异,即“当事一方的富有”这一信息激活了被试的公正世界信念。从两项实验中得出如下结论：不能确定无辜受害者的经济状况是否会对被试公正世界信念造成不同程度的威胁；但是已经证实,在事故责任未明时,当事一方的经济状况会对被试公正世界信念的激活状态产生不同的影响。也就是说“富”与“不公”的确存在联系。
[Abstract]:The belief in the just world means that people need to believe that the world in which they live is just, good and evil rewarded. When this belief is threatened by injustice, it is defended by strategies that provide a sense of security and confidence that they will be treated fairly and with confidence in the future. Hatred for the rich is an objective social phenomenon. Some scholars have pointed out that the essence of hatred against the rich is actually a hatred of injustice, because many factors make people associate the injustice created by some rich people with the concept of the rich, thus having a stigma effect on the concept of the rich. In this study, the structure, scale, function and research trend of belief in the just world are systematically summarized, and two experimental studies are carried out to verify the inherent relationship between "rich" and "unfair". In both experiments, the subjects read the passage and complete the revised Stroop task. The main purpose of experiment one is to investigate the influence of the economic situation of innocent victims on the active state of belief in the fair world. The results showed that when the subjects were faced with innocent victims, whether they were poor or rich, the time of identifying the color of fair words was significantly longer than that of neutral words, that is, their belief in the just world was activated. However, there was no significant difference in the time of recognizing the color of the word of justice in the subjects with different economic conditions, that is, the degree of threat to the belief in the just world was not significantly different. The main purpose of experiment two is to investigate the influence of one party's economic condition on the active state of belief in the fair world of the subjects when the responsibility of the accident is not clear. The results showed that when the responsibility of the accident was not clear, the reaction time of identifying the color of the fair words was significantly longer than that of the neutral words, but there was no significant difference in other cases, when the financial condition of the one party in the material was good, the reaction time of identifying the color of the fair words was significantly longer than that of the neutral words. The information of "one party's wealth" activates the subjects' belief in a just world. The following conclusions were drawn from two experiments: it was not certain whether the economic situation of innocent victims would pose a different threat to the participants' belief in a just world, but it had been confirmed that when the responsibility for the accident was not clear, The economic condition of one party will have a different effect on the activation of the subjects'belief in a fair world. In other words, "rich" and "unfair" do exist.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848

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