乐观人格倾向与攻击性的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 18:57

本文选题：乐观人格倾向 + 内隐攻击性　；参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,国外对于积极心理学的研究如火如荼,而在国内却处于起步阶段。攻击性是近些年国内外研究的热点,各国研究者们从不同角度对攻击性进行了研究,如人格特质、父母教养方式、应对方式等,但很少有作者探讨乐观与攻击性的关系。情绪可以作为引发攻击行为的一个线索,不同乐观人格倾向者对于情绪的感受力并不相同,但并未有相关研究讨论情绪在乐观人格倾向特质与攻击性之间起的作用是什么。本研究选用处于冲突与矛盾当中的成年初显期的大学生为被试,以研究不同情绪状态下对大学生乐观人格倾向与攻击性的影响是否不同。本研究首先使用量表对大学生群体进行了预实验,来探究乐观人格倾向与敌对因子的关系,确认存在相关关系后进行了实验一。实验一采用问卷调查和实验研究的方式,实验材料是大学生攻击量表与自编的外部情绪性西蒙任务(EAST),以此测量乐观人格倾向、内隐攻击性和外显攻击性及其关系。实验二是在实验一的基础之上进行,本研究将情绪诱发引入到实验中,探查情绪是否会对不同乐观人格倾向个体的内隐或外显攻击性产生不同影响。通过以上研究,本文得出结论如下:(1)乐观人格倾向与SCL-90中的敌意因子具有相关关系,积极认知与敌意存在显著负相关,消极认知与敌意因子存在显著正相关。(2)个体对攻击词汇具有内隐偏好,均具有显著的内隐攻击性。(3)乐观倾向个体与悲观倾向个体内隐攻击性不同,具有显著性差异。悲观倾向个体显著高于乐观倾向个体。性别之间的内隐攻击性差异不显著。(4)情绪对于不同乐观人格个体的攻击性影响不同。不管是乐观倾向个体还是悲观倾向个体,情绪对内隐攻击性都不产生影响;而情绪对乐观倾向个体和悲观倾向个体的外显攻击性影响不同,负性情绪对悲观倾向个体影响较大,对乐观倾向个体无影响。
[Abstract]:At present, the study of positive psychology abroad is in full swing, but it is still in its infancy at home. Aggression has been a hot topic in recent years. Many researchers have studied aggression from different angles, such as personality traits, parenting styles, coping styles, etc. However, few authors have explored the relationship between optimism and aggression. Emotion can be used as a clue to trigger aggressive behavior. The emotional sensitivity of different optimistic personality tendency is different, but there is no related research to discuss the role of emotion in the relationship between optimistic personality disposition trait and aggression. In order to study whether the influence of different emotional states on the optimistic personality tendency and aggression of college students is different, this study selected the college students who were in conflict and contradiction in the beginning of the year as subjects. The first part of this study was to explore the relationship between optimistic personality tendency and hostile factors by using the scale to pre-test the college students. In the first experiment, a questionnaire and an experimental study were used to measure the positive personality tendency, implicit aggression, explicit aggression and their relationship between college students' aggression scale and external emotional Simon's task. The second experiment was carried out on the basis of experiment 1. This study introduced emotional induction into the experiment to explore whether emotion has different effects on the implicit or explicit aggression of individuals with different optimistic personality tendencies. Based on the above study, this paper concludes that: (1) the optimistic personality tendency is correlated with the hostile factors in SCL-90, and the positive cognition is negatively correlated with the hostility. There was a significant positive correlation between negative cognition and hostility factors. 2) individuals had implicit preference for aggressive vocabulary and both had significant implicit aggression. 3) there were significant differences in implicit aggression between individuals with optimistic tendency and those with pessimistic tendency. The tendency of pessimism is significantly higher than that of optimistic. There was no significant difference in implicit aggression between genders. 4) emotion had different effects on aggression of individuals with different optimistic personality. No matter whether it is optimistic tendency individual or pessimistic tendency individual, emotion has no effect on implicit aggression, but emotion has different influence on the explicit aggression of optimistic tendency individual and pessimistic tendency individual, negative emotion has great influence on pessimistic tendency individual. It has no effect on the individual optimistic tendency.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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