榜样对3-5岁幼儿说谎的影响

发布时间：2018-04-25 17:00

本文选题：幼儿 + 说谎　；参考：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：说谎是指个体有意识地传递错误信息而使接受者形成错误信念的行为。研究发现幼儿从2、3岁就开始说谎,并且随着年龄增长而增多。说谎中最为常见的是违规后否认自己的不良行为,这种说谎对于父母和教师来说是不被接受的,他们希望能够对幼儿的说谎行为进行教育,帮助其改善不良行为。榜样对儿童行为的影响已为很多研究所证实,尤其是对儿童问题行为上的改变。也有研究探讨了故事书中的榜样对幼儿说谎行为的影响,但效果不理想。现在电子产品越来越普及,幼儿在日常生活中接触到的各种视频资源也相应地越来越多,他们经常通过动画片视频来进行学习和获得知识,相对于故事书而言,视频材料(动画片)中的人物及故事情节鲜活生动,更容易吸引幼儿的注意。因此,本研究拟从视频榜样的角度考察其对说谎行为的影响。本研究共包括三个实验:(1)实验一使用经典的抵制诱惑范式考察3-5岁幼儿的说谎行为发生率,是本研究的基线对照组。结果显示:3、4和5岁幼儿的说谎率分别是79.31%,89.19%,93.55%,随着年龄增长,幼儿说谎率也随之逐渐增加。(2)实验二呈现动画片视频榜样(积极榜样与消极榜样)后,考察3-5岁幼儿在抵制诱惑范式下的说谎行为发生率的特点。结果显示:积极榜样和消极榜样条件下3岁幼儿的说谎行为(说谎率)显著地低于基线水平;动画片中消极榜样条件下4岁幼儿的说谎行为(说谎率)显著地低于基线水平;动画片榜样对5岁幼儿的说谎行为无影响。由此表明,与基线条件相比,动画片榜样仅对低年龄段幼儿的说谎发生率有影响。(3)实验三将视频榜样中的卡通人物换成真实榜样(教师),考察3-5岁幼儿在抵制诱惑范式下的说谎行为发生率的特点。结果显示:视频中教师榜样条件下3、4和5岁幼儿的说谎行为(说谎率)显著地低于基线水平,说明教师榜样条件对三个年龄组幼儿的说谎行为有明显的作用。结论:本研究结果表明,视频榜样对3-5岁幼儿的说谎行为具有一定的影响作用。
[Abstract]:Lying refers to the behavior that the individual consciously conveys wrong information and causes the receiver to form false belief. The study found that young children lie from the age of 2 to 3 and increase with age. The most common is to deny their bad behavior after violating the law. This kind of lying is unacceptable to parents and teachers. They hope to educate young children about their lying behavior and help them to improve the bad behavior. The impact of role models on children's behaviour has been confirmed by many studies, especially on behavioural changes in children's issues. Some studies have also explored the influence of role models in story books on toddlers' lying behavior, but the effect is not satisfactory. Now electronic products are becoming more and more popular, and children are exposed to more and more kinds of video resources in their daily lives. They often learn and acquire knowledge through animated video, as opposed to story books. The characters and storylines in the video material are vivid and easy to attract the attention of young children. Therefore, this study intends to examine its influence on lying behavior from the perspective of video role models. This study consists of three experiments: one is to investigate the incidence of lying behavior in children aged 3-5 years by using the classical anti-temptation paradigm, which is the baseline control group of this study. The results showed that the lying rates of children aged 3: 3 and 5 were 79.31 and 89.19, respectively, and 93.55. With the age, the lying rate of young children also increased gradually.) experiment 2 presented animation video example (positive role model and negative example). To investigate the characteristics of the incidence of lying behavior in children aged 3-5 years under the anti-temptation paradigm. The results showed that the lying rate of children aged 3 years under positive and negative role models was significantly lower than that of baseline level, and the lying rate of children aged 4 years under the condition of negative role models in cartoons was significantly lower than that of baseline levels. Animation role models have no effect on 5-year-old children's lying behavior. This shows that, compared with baseline conditions, Experiment 3: changing cartoon characters in video example into real example (teacher, study on the characteristics of lying behavior of children aged 3-5 years under resisting temptation paradigm). The results showed that the lying rate of 34-year-old and 5-year-olds in the video was significantly lower than the baseline level, indicating that the teacher model condition had a significant effect on the lying behavior of children of three age groups. Conclusion: the results of this study suggest that video role models play an important role in the lying behavior of children aged 3-5 years.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848.4

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