学习方式的变革:提取促进学习

发布时间：2018-04-26 02:02

  本文选题：提取 + 测试效应　； 参考：《心理科学》2017年04期

【摘要】：提取练习效应是指在学习与最终测验之间,等长时间的提取练习与重复学习相比,前者更能促进长时记忆的保持,也称为测试效应。大量研究表明提取测试是一种高效的学习策略,师生却对此认识不足,认为测试只是检测学习效果的评估工具,并不能改变或促进学习。本文主要从提取练习促进学习的认知神经加工机制、提取练习在实践应用中的特点、提高提取练习效应的方法及其在教学实践中的局限四方面梳理了相关研究,为提取练习广泛应用于教学实践提供支持,同时也为师生正确高效利用这一策略提供了参考,使学生获得更高效和持久的学习。
[Abstract]:The effect of extraction exercises refers to the fact that between learning and final test, the former can promote the retention of long-term memory more than repeated learning, which is also called the test effect. A large number of studies show that extraction and testing is an efficient learning strategy, but teachers and students are not aware of it. It is considered that the test is only an evaluation tool to test the learning effect and can not change or promote learning. In this paper, the cognitive neural processing mechanism of extracting exercises to promote learning, the characteristics of extraction exercises in practical application, the methods to improve the effect of extraction exercises and their limitations in teaching practice are discussed in this paper. It provides support for the extensive application of extraction exercises in teaching practice, and also provides a reference for teachers and students to use this strategy correctly and efficiently, so that students can obtain more efficient and lasting learning.
【作者单位】： 西北师范大学心理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科青年基金项目(15YJC190015);教育部人文社科基金项目(14XJC190005)的资助
【分类号】：B842.3
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本文编号：1803966