双语工作记忆广度与二语听力水平的关系研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 21:01

本文选题：语音工作记忆 + 双语工作记忆　；参考：《山西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：工作记忆简要来讲,是一种处理当前信息时所需用到的记忆系统。工作记忆一直以来都是认知心理学领域里的重要研究对象。由于工作记忆的抽象性,无法被直接测量,所以心理学家们采用“工作记忆广度”,即记忆的容量这一可量化的指标来研究工作记忆。本研究题目当中的双语记忆广度指的是,使用母语做材料测得的记忆广度,和使用第二语言做材料测得的记忆广度。听力理解是第二语言习得里,听、说、读、写、译五项基本技能中很重要的一项。本研究中的二语采用日语,被试在大学之前并未自学过日语。二语听力理解本质上是一种认知行为,所以本研究就工作记忆的广度与日语听力理解的能力展开研究,来探讨它们之间的关系。本研究在大学日语专业里选取被试,分为大学一年级,大学二年级,以及大学三年级三个不同学习阶段的组别。以典型的数字广度任务做工作记忆广度的测试材料;以国际通用的日本语能力测试的听力题做听力理解的材料。不同与以往的是本研究中的所有材料均为语音材料,且记忆广度材料分为四种:A类,汉语-汉语;B类,日语-日语;C类,日语-汉语;D类,汉语-日语。被试需要用到听与说两种感觉通道,即被试需要把他所听到的汉语/日语的数字串,在有限的时间内按照听到的顺序用汉语/日语说出。研究发现:(1)A类工作记忆广度与C类工作记忆广度随着年级的不同而不同;(2)二语工作记忆广度(B/C/D任务)与听力理解成绩相关显著;母语工作记忆广度(A任务)与听力理解成绩相关不显著;(3)母语记忆广度优于二语记忆广度;四种记忆广度之间的大小为AC=DB;(4)随着日语熟练程度的提高,二语记忆广度对听力理解的影响越来越趋于稳定;而母语记忆广度与二语听力理解之间无明显变化。
[Abstract]:Working memory, in brief, is a memory system that is used to process current information. Working memory has always been an important research object in the field of cognitive psychology. Because of the abstract nature of working memory, it can not be measured directly, so psychologists use "working memory span", which is the quantifiable index of memory capacity, to study working memory. The bilingual memory span in this study refers to the memory span measured by the mother tongue and the second language. Listening comprehension is one of the five basic skills in second language acquisition, listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating. In this study, the second language was Japanese, and the subjects had not taught themselves Japanese before college. Second language listening comprehension is essentially a kind of cognitive behavior, so the present study focuses on the breadth of working memory and the ability of Japanese listening comprehension to explore the relationship between them. In this study, Japanese majors were divided into three groups: freshman, sophomore, and junior. The typical digit span task is used as the test material for working memory span and the listening topic of the international Japanese language proficiency test is used as the listening comprehension material. The difference is that all the materials in this study are phonetic materials, and the memory span materials are divided into four kinds: class A, Chinese and Chinese, Japanese and Japanese, Japanese and Chinese, Japanese and Chinese, and Chinese and Japanese, respectively. The subjects need to use the two sensory channels of listening and speaking, that is, the subjects need to use the Chinese / Japanese strings of numbers they hear in the order in which they hear them in a limited period of time. It was found that the working memory span of class A and working memory span of class C varied with the grade of the second language (second language working memory span and B / C / D task) were significantly correlated with the scores of listening comprehension. Mother tongue working memory span (task A) was not significantly correlated with listening comprehension scores (3) mother tongue memory span was better than second language memory span, and the size of the four memory spans was AC1 DBX 4) with the improvement of Japanese proficiency. The influence of second language memory span on listening comprehension is more and more stable, but there is no obvious change between mother tongue memory span and second language listening comprehension.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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