亲子关系与青少年冒险行为：一个有中介的调节模型

发布时间：2018-05-02 11:51

本文选题：亲子关系 + 冒险行为　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：亲子关系是青少年发展和成长中最为重要的社会关系,从最早的与父母依恋的形成到以父母为榜样进行最初的社会行为,亲子关系一直在青少年认识和适应社会的过程中扮演着极为重要的角色。而自尊与自我控制则是两个在青少年发展过程中发挥着不可忽视的作用的个体变量。对于青少年来说,其冒险行为的发生不仅仅是单单依靠着家庭或个体的因素的影响,而是被两者共同影响的。以往的研究多是单单研究环境因素或个体因素对青少年冒险行为的影响,而且总是选取问题行为作为因变量,对于社会许可的冒险行为关注不多。本研究将同时考察亲子关系,自尊以及自我控制如何共同影响青少年的冒险行为,包括青少年的问题行为以及社会可接受的冒险行为,亲子关系也将从亲子支持和亲子冲突两个角度来探讨其对青少年冒险行为的影响。本研究采用整群抽样的方法,对来自某县城3所学校的初、高中以及职专的学生(其中男生476人,女生402人,平均年龄15.14岁,初中371人,高中247人,高职院校260人)进行问卷调查,分别使冒险行为问卷、关系网络问卷、自尊量表以及自我控制量表,分别考察不同年龄段青少年的冒险行为特点,亲子关系特点以及自尊与自我控制概况。考察亲子关系对青少年冒险行为的影响以及自尊的调节作用和自我控制的中介作用,研究结果如下:(1)亲子关系与冒险行为之间相关显著显著:亲子冲突能够显著预测问题行为的发生,亲子支持能够显著负向预测问题行为的发生;对于青少年的社会许可冒险行为,只有亲子支持能够正向预测其发生,亲子冲突与青少年社会许可冒险行为相关不显著。(2)自尊作为调节变量可以调节亲子冲突与青少年问题行为之间的关系,高自尊的青少年比低自尊的青少年在亲自冲突不断增多的过程中会表现出更多的问题行为,但是自尊不能调节亲子支持与青少年问题冒险行为之间的关系;对于青少年社会许可冒险行为,未发现调节效应,但进一步分析发现自尊可以调节父亲支持与青少年冒险行为之间的关系。(3)自我控制作为中介变量,可以完全中介亲子冲突与自尊的交互项与冒险行为之间的关系,即自尊的调节作用是通过自我控制这个中介变量起作用的。对于社会许可的冒险行为则未发现中介效应的存在。(4)对于亲子冲突与青少年问题行为之间的关系,有中介的调节模型是成立的。根据研究结果我们可以发现,亲子关系的确青少年冒险行为的重要影响因素,而且这种环境因素是可以被自尊这个个体变量所调节的,而且通过自我控制这个个体变量来起作用。这提示家长要注意自己与青少年之间的关系处理,而且要对青少年自我特质的发展予以高度重视。
[Abstract]:Parent-child relationship is the most important social relationship in the development and growth of teenagers, from the earliest form of attachment with parents to the initial social behavior by the example of parents. The relationship between parents and children has been playing an important role in the process of understanding and adapting to the society. Self-esteem and self-control are two individual variables that play an important role in adolescent development. For teenagers, the occurrence of their risk-taking behavior is influenced not only by family or individual factors, but also by both. Previous studies are mostly about the impact of environmental factors or individual factors on adolescent risk-taking behavior, and always select problem behavior as dependent variables, and pay little attention to socially permitted risk-taking behavior. This study will also examine how parent-child relationships, self-esteem and self-control affect adolescent risk-taking behaviors, including problem behaviors and socially acceptable risk-taking behaviors. The influence of parent-child relationship on adolescent risk-taking behavior is also discussed from the perspectives of parent-child support and parent-child conflict. In this study, a cluster sampling method was used to study the students of junior high school and vocational school (476 boys, 402 girls, mean age 15.14 years old, 371 junior high school students, 247 senior high school students) from three schools in a county town, including 476 boys, 402 girls, and the average age of 15.14 years, 371 junior high school students and 247 senior high school students. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the characteristics of risk-taking behavior of adolescents of different ages, including risk-taking behavior questionnaire, relationship network questionnaire, self-esteem scale and self-control scale. The characteristics of parent-child relationship and self-esteem and self-control. To investigate the influence of parent-child relationship on adolescents' risk-taking behavior, as well as the regulating effect of self-esteem and the mediating effect of self-control. The results are as follows: (1) the correlation between parent-child relationship and risk-taking behavior is significant: parent-child conflict can significantly predict the occurrence of problem behavior, parent-child support can significantly predict the occurrence of problem behavior; Only parent-child support can positively predict adolescents' socially permissible risk-taking behavior. The relationship between parent-child conflict and adolescent social permissive risk-taking behavior is not significant. 2) Self-esteem as a regulating variable can regulate the relationship between parent-child conflict and adolescent problem behavior. Adolescents with high self-esteem have more problem behaviors than those with low self-esteem, but self-esteem can not adjust the relationship between parent-child support and adolescent problem risk behavior. There was no regulatory effect for adolescents' socially permissible risk-taking behavior, but the further analysis found that self-esteem could regulate the relationship between father support and adolescent risk-taking behavior. (3) Self-control was an intermediary variable. It can completely mediate the relationship between the interaction between parent-child conflict and self-esteem and risk-taking behavior, that is, the regulation of self-esteem is mediated by self-control. For the risk-taking behavior of social permission, there is no intermediary effect. (4) for the relationship between parent-child conflict and adolescent problem behavior, the regulatory model with intermediary is established. Based on the results of the study, we can find that parent-child relationships are indeed an important factor in adolescent risk-taking behavior, and this environmental factor can be regulated by self-esteem as an individual variable. And it works through self-control of the individual variable. This suggests that parents should pay attention to the relationship between themselves and adolescents, and attach great importance to the development of adolescents' self-trait.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.5

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