转换能力在创造性思维中的作用：流体智力的中介效应

发布时间：2018-05-02 13:21

本文选题：转换能力 + 创造性思维　；参考：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：创造力是人类特有的一项高级认知能力,它是一种提出或产出具有新颖性和适切性的工作成果的能力。执行功能是一种有目的的控制机制,能够协调人类复杂的认知活动；它包括抑制、转换、记忆刷新三个子成分。在传统的创造力研究中,对发散思维的过度重视造成了创造性思维是去执行控制的、注意力散焦的这一认知。然而创造性思维作为一种复杂的、高级的认知过程,必然会涉及执行功能的监控和计划。同时,流体智力作为颇有争议的创造力影响因子之一,它与创造性思维的关系也一直处于争议中。虽然大多数有关研究显示创造力和智力是两个不同的不相关的能力,但近年来,随着研究方法的发展,像潜变量分析的广泛使用,研究者们开始重新思考流体智力与创造性思维之间的关系。本研究通过潜变量分析,直接探讨执行控制中的转换与创造性思维的关系,同时探讨流体智力对执行功能和创造性思维之间关系的中介作用与调节作用。研究对104名被试的创造性思维、转换能力和流体智力进行了测量。结果发现转换能力与流体智力到创造性思维的路径系数均显著；转换能力到创造性思维的数量方面(流畅变通性)的路径系数显著；而流体智力到创造性思维的质量方面(独创性)的路径系数显著。在转换能力与创造性思维的关系中,流体智力的中介效应显著,但调节效应不显著。基于上述研究结果,得出以下研究结论：转换能力在创造性思维中有着积极的作用,创造性思维并非是去执行控制的；在创造性思维过程中,转换能力有助于被试停止从一个概念类别中产生想法,继而转向另一个类别,产生更多更加新颖的想法；流体智力通过影响目标制定、提供思维逻辑和调用已有的知识来影响创造性思维过程。执行功能,特别是转换能力与创造性思维之间关系的研究时间还很短,今后的研究如果能确定转换能力对创造力的促进作用,那么就能够在实践中指导教育教学。未来研究还可以进一步结合认知神经科学的研究方法,如高时间精度的事件相关电位技术和高空间精度的脑功能成像技术,采用更适合的实验范式来研究执行功能在创造性思维中所起的作用。
[Abstract]:Creativity is a kind of advanced cognitive ability which is unique to human being. It is a kind of ability to produce or produce novel and relevant work results. Executive function is a purposeful control mechanism, which can coordinate complex cognitive activities of human beings. It includes three sub-components: inhibition, transformation and memory refresh. In the traditional study of creativity, the excessive attention to divergent thinking results in the realization that creative thinking is controlled by execution and that attention is defocused. However, as a complex and advanced cognitive process, creative thinking is bound to involve executive function monitoring and planning. At the same time, as one of the controversial factors of creativity, the relationship between fluid intelligence and creative thinking has always been in dispute. Although most studies have shown that creativity and intelligence are two distinct and unrelated abilities, in recent years, with the development of research methods, such as the widespread use of latent variable analysis, Researchers began to rethink the relationship between fluid intelligence and creative thinking. Through the analysis of latent variables, the relationship between transformation and creative thinking in executive control is discussed directly, and the mediating and regulating effects of fluid intelligence on the relationship between executive function and creative thinking are also discussed. The study measured the creative thinking, conversion ability and fluid intelligence of 104 subjects. The results showed that the transition ability and the path coefficient from fluid intelligence to creative thinking were significant, and the path coefficients from the conversion ability to the quantity of creative thinking (fluency and flexibility) were significant. The path coefficient from fluid intelligence to creative thinking quality (originality) is significant. In the relationship between transformation ability and creative thinking, the mediating effect of fluid intelligence is significant, but the regulating effect is not significant. Based on the above research results, the following conclusions are drawn: conversion ability plays a positive role in creative thinking, creative thinking is not to carry out control, and in the process of creative thinking, The ability to convert helps participants stop generating ideas from one category and then move to another, generating more innovative ideas; fluid intelligence influences goal setting. Provide thinking logic and apply existing knowledge to influence the process of creative thinking. The research time of the relationship between executive function, especially conversion ability and creative thinking is very short. If the future research can determine the promoting effect of conversion ability on creativity, then it can guide education and teaching in practice. Future research can be further combined with cognitive neuroscience methods, such as event-related potentials with high time precision and brain function imaging with high spatial accuracy. A more suitable experimental paradigm is used to study the role of executive function in creative thinking.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848.2

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