物理环境秩序对利己行为的影响及其边界条件

发布时间：2018-05-15 23:22

本文选题：物理环境秩序 + 利己行为　；参考：《广州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：日常生活中,个体总是处于其周围的物理环境中,物理环境是个体的生存空间,个体可以通过改变身边的物理环境以达到心理上的适应性,同时物理环境本身也塑造的人的行为,如处于喧闹的酒吧中个体可能会表现出平时不会出现的狂热行为,而处于医院的病房中个体会不由自主的保持安静。物理环境秩序指的是物理环境中客观事物所呈现出的条理性、整齐性、模式化程度及其位置的合理性,诸多研究证实了物理无序对个体的一些负面行为的影响,如物理无序会增加个体的欺骗行为、作弊行为、违规行为等,这些行为的背后可能都是由利己这一更深层次的动机所驱使。基于随机世界理论、信息加工理论和目标规范理论,本研究分别从直接经验和间接经验的角度考察了物理环境秩序对个体利己行为的影响;结构需求反映的是个体对简单结构的追求程度,而有序与无序间的重要区别是结构复杂程度的差异,无序信息的结构比有序信息更加复杂,基于朴素认知理论和认知动机理论,本研究考察了结构需求对物理环境秩序效应的调节作用。本研究通过三个实验考察了物理环境秩序对个体利己行为的影响以及结构需求的调节作用,共214名被试参与了实验,通过统计分析得出以下结论:(1)物理环境秩序影响个体的利己行为,相对于处于有序物理环境中的个体,处于无序物理环境中的个体会表现出更高的利己水平,有序物理环境中的个体倾向于公平分配,而无序物理环境中的个体倾向于利己分配。(2)物理环境图片秩序影响个体的利己行为,相对于观看有序物理环境图片,观看无序物理环境图片的个体会表现出更高的利己水平,有序和无序物理环境中的个体均倾向于利己分配。(3)个体的结构需求调节了物理环境图片的秩序效应,对于低结构需求个体而言,物理环境图片的秩序水平对其利己水平无显著影响,都倾向于利己分配;对于高结构需求个体而言,无序的物理环境会提高其利己水平,有序条件下倾向于公平分配,无序条件下倾向于利己分配。物理环境图片的秩序效应仅发生在高结构需求群体中。
[Abstract]:In daily life, the individual is always in the physical environment around it. The physical environment is the living space of the individual. The individual can achieve psychological adaptability by changing the physical environment around him. At the same time, the physical environment itself also shapes the behavior of people, such as in a noisy bar, the individual may show the usual behavior will not appear, and in the hospital wards of the individual can not help but keep quiet. Physical environmental order refers to the regularity, neatness, pattern degree and rationality of the position of the objective things in the physical environment. Many studies have confirmed the influence of physical disorder on some negative behaviors of individuals. For example, physical disorder will increase individual cheating, illegal behavior and so on, which may be driven by the deeper motivation of self-interest. Based on stochastic world theory, information processing theory and goal norm theory, this study investigates the effect of physical environment order on individual egoism from the perspective of direct and indirect experience. The structural demand reflects the degree of individual pursuit of simple structure, while the important difference between order and disorder is the difference of structural complexity. The structure of disordered information is more complex than ordered information, based on naive cognitive theory and cognitive motivation theory. The purpose of this study is to investigate the regulative effect of structural demand on physical environmental order effect. In this study, the effects of physical environmental order on individual egoism behavior and the regulation of structural demand were investigated through three experiments. A total of 214 subjects participated in the experiment. Through statistical analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) the order of physical environment affects the individual's self-interest behavior, and the individual in the disorder physical environment will exhibit a higher level of self-interest than the individual in the ordered physical environment. The individuals in the ordered physical environment tend to distribute fairly, while the individuals in the disorder physical environment tend to allot for themselves. 2) the order of the picture of the physical environment affects the self-interest behavior of the individual, compared with viewing the picture of the ordered physical environment. The individuals who watch the picture of the disorder physical environment will show higher level of self-interest. The individuals in the ordered and disordered physical environment are inclined to allocate.Y3) the structural demand of the individual regulates the order effect of the picture of the physical environment. For individuals with low structure demand, the order level of physical environment pictures has no significant influence on their self-interest level, and they tend to be allocative; for individuals with high structure demand, the disorder physical environment will improve their self-interest level. Under orderly conditions, it tends to distribute fairly, and under disorder conditions it tends to distribute on its own. The order effect of the physical environment picture only occurs in the high structure demand group.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B845.6

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