正念训练对图片刺激诱发情绪反应的影响

发布时间：2018-05-26 19:27

本文选题：特质正念 + 正念训练　；参考：《首都师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：已有很多研究从不同的角度出发,探究正念作为一种个体特质或能力、一种状态或心理过程、以及一种干预方法的相关因素和影响作用,并发现正念与较少的心理压力和情绪困扰、较高的幸福感和积极情绪有关。现在,研究者们开始关注正念如何产生上述作用,提出正念对情绪反应的影响可能是正念改善情绪的一个潜在原因。本研究旨在探索个体特质正念水平与情绪反应倾向之间的关系,以及正念干预对个体情绪反应倾向的影响效果。研究以普通人群为被试,以情绪图片为诱发情绪刺激,以非掩蔽和掩蔽两种条件呈现,采用自我报告的方法测量被试对明显刺激和无意识刺激的情绪反应。研究分为两部分：研究一探索特质正念水平与情绪反应倾向的关系。共有有效被试104人,其中男性39人,女性65人,年龄20-50岁。单独施测,被试填写五因素正念度量表(FFMQ)并使用电脑完成情绪评定任务。对量表得分和情绪评定任务得分进行相关分析,结果发现在非掩蔽与掩蔽两种条件下,被试对积极、中性、消极三种刺激的情绪反应效价均与FFMQ得分显著正相关,且在无意识(掩蔽)条件下相关更高；情绪反应唤醒度则与FFMQ总分无相关。情绪反应与FFMQ各分维度的相关关系被进一步分析和讨论。研究二探索八周正念训练对情绪反应倾向的影响效果。采用随机对照试验,被试被随机分为正念训练组与等待对照组,正念训练组被试接受连续八周的正念训练,在训练前后一周内在实验室内填写FFMQ问卷与完成情绪评定任务。共获有效数据43份,其中正念训练组25人,等待对照组18人。对前后测数据进行协方差分析发现,与对照组相比,正念训练组在干预后FFMQ总分有显著提升(F=7.15,p0.05)；对自身情绪反应的效价评定均无变化,但对非掩蔽消极图片的情绪反应强度有下降趋势(F=2.85,p0.10),对掩蔽消极图片的情绪反应强度则显著下降(F=4.35,p0.05)。综上所述,本研究发现,自我报告的特质正念水平主要与情绪反应的效价维度有关,表现为特质正念水平越高的个体情绪反应效价越积极；而正念训练主要改变了消极情绪反应的唤醒度,使其强度降低。且上述关系和效果均对内隐情绪反应更加明显。
[Abstract]:Many studies have explored the related factors and effects of mindfulness as an individual trait or ability, a state or psychological process, and a method of intervention from different perspectives. It was also found that mindfulness was associated with less stress and emotional distress, higher happiness and positive emotions. Now researchers are focusing on how mindfulness works, suggesting that mindfulness's effect on emotional responses may be a potential cause of mindfulness's improvement. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the level of individual trait mindfulness and emotional reaction tendency and the effect of mindfulness intervention on individual emotional reaction tendency. In this study, the general population was taken as the subjects, the emotion pictures were used as the elicited emotional stimuli, and the two conditions of non-masking and masking were presented. The self-report method was used to measure the emotional responses of the subjects to obvious stimuli and unconscious stimuli. The study is divided into two parts: Study one explores the relationship between trait mindfulness and emotional response. There were 104 valid subjects, including 39 males and 65 females aged 20-50 years. The subjects completed the five-factor mindfulness scale FFMQ alone and used a computer to complete the emotion assessment task. The correlation analysis of scale score and emotional assessment task score showed that the positive, neutral and negative emotional response titers were significantly positively correlated with the FFMQ scores under the conditions of non-masking and masking. The correlation was higher in unconscious (masking) condition, but no correlation was found between emotional arousal degree and total score of FFMQ. The correlation between emotional responses and FFMQ dimensions was further analyzed and discussed. The second study was to explore the effect of eight-week mindfulness training on emotional reaction tendency. The subjects were randomly divided into the mindfulness training group and the waiting control group. The subjects in the mindfulness training group received continuous mindfulness training for eight weeks and completed the FFMQ questionnaire and mood assessment task in the laboratory within one week before and after training. A total of 43 valid data were obtained, including 25 in mindfulness training group and 18 in control group. The covariance analysis of pre-and post-test data showed that compared with the control group, the total score of FFMQ in the mindfulness training group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the titer of the self-emotional response was not changed in the mindfulness training group. However, the intensity of emotional response to non-masking negative images showed a downward trend, and the intensity of emotional responses to masking negative images decreased significantly, while the intensity of emotional responses to masking negative images decreased significantly. To sum up, this study found that the self-reported level of trait mindfulness is mainly related to the dimension of emotional response titer, and the higher the level of trait mindfulness is, the more positive the individual emotional response titer is. Mindfulness training mainly changed the awakening degree of negative emotional response and reduced its intensity. The above relation and effect are more obvious to implicit emotion.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.6

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