盲生心理防御机制现状及干预研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 12:01

本文选题：盲生 + 心理防御机制　；参考：《云南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：特殊教育已经成为了近十年来国家关注的热点，而盲生是特殊教育中最为特殊的一个群体，，由于生理缺陷的原因，他们行动不便，安静的坐在角落里，对他们的关注就会减少，学校教育更多的关注盲生的就业和未来的技能培养，更多的学校课程都在教授按摩、手工等等课程，对盲生的心理健康状况也关注甚少。影响盲生心理健康的一个重要因素就是心理防御机制，通过干预盲生的心理防御机制来让他们更好地适应学校甚至社会生活。通过个案干预的方式，在三个月的时间里，本文对10名盲生的防御机制进行干预，使他们减少使用不成熟的防御机制，而更多的使用成熟的防御机制。本研究采用的是个体认知行为疗法对盲生的心理防御机制进行干预，每周干预一次，干预时间为50—60分钟，干预次数为10—12次。研究分为实验前测、实验后测和追踪回访三个阶段，对盲生的不成熟型、成熟型和中间型防御机制进行测量，同时使用绘图法和观察法进行干预效果的验证，在实验后测阶段盲生的心理防御机制干预效果显著，在追踪回访阶段，干预效果得到了维持。本研究得出以下结论：第一：性别是影响防御机制的重要因素。第二：年龄是影响防御机制的重要因素。第三：盲生和明眼学生在成熟型和不成熟型防御机制方面有明显的差异。盲生更倾向于使用不成熟型防御机制，明眼学生更倾向于使用成熟型防御机制。第四：采用个体认知疗法对盲生的心理防御机制干预是有效的。第五：对盲生的干预效果在后期得到了很好的巩固与保持。第六：改变盲生的心理防御机制可以在很大程度上消除盲生的人际关系不适应，提高盲生的社会适应力。
[Abstract]:Special education has become the focus of attention in the country in the past ten years, and blind students are the most special groups in special education. Because of the physiological defects, they are inconvenient to act, sit quietly in the corner, and the attention to them will be reduced. The school education is more concerned with the blind employment and future skills training and more study. One of the important factors that affect the mental health of blind students is the psychological defense mechanism, which makes them better adapt to school and even social life by interfering with the psychological defense mechanism of blind birth. By case intervention, it is three months. During the time, 10 blind students were intervened in this study to reduce the use of immature defense mechanisms and more mature defense mechanisms. This study used individual cognitive behavioral therapy to intervene in the psychological defense mechanism of blind students, intervened once a week, the intervention time was 50 to 60 minutes, and the number of intervention was 10. 12 times. The study is divided into three stages: pre test, post test and tracing back visit, measuring the immature, mature and intermediate defense mechanisms of the blind, and using the drawing method and observation method to verify the intervention effect. The pre effect was maintained.
This study draws the following conclusions:
First, gender is an important factor influencing defense mechanism.
Second: age is an important factor affecting defense mechanism.
Third: there are obvious differences in both mature and immature defense mechanisms between blind and bright students. Blind students tend to use immature defense mechanisms, and the students of bright eyes tend to use mature defense mechanisms.
Fourth: the use of individual cognitive therapy is effective in preventing the mental defense mechanism of blind students.
Fifth: the intervention effect on blind students has been well consolidated and maintained in the late stage.
Sixth: changing the mental defense mechanism of blind students can largely eliminate the interpersonal relationship of blind students, and improve the social adaptability of blind students.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

【参考文献】