低龄老年人一般自我效能感与心理健康：家庭支持的中介作用

发布时间：2018-06-28 06:22

本文选题：低龄老年人 + 一般自我效能感　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在人口老龄化的趋势下,老年人的身心健康已逐渐成为全社会关注的问题。老年人特殊的生理、心理和行为特点,决定了其不同于其他群体的物质和精神需求。在老龄人口迅速增加的同时,中国现代化、城镇化和独生子女政策的时代特点也正逐渐显现。越来越多的农村老人来到城市帮助子女照顾第三代,城市老人的传统养儿防老观念和三代同堂的居住方式也在发生改变。因此,除了家庭支持,老年人更需要通过自主的心理调适来适应社会发展和生活环境的变化,维持良好的心理健康水平。本研究选取低龄老年人为研究对象,通过探查低龄老年人的一般自我效能感、心理健康和家庭支持现状,旨在揭示三者之间的相互关系。侧重考察低龄老人一般自我效能感对其心理健康的直接或间接作用,同时初探了参与学习与低龄老人心理健康的关系。研究采用成熟心理量表《一般自我效能感量表》、《纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表》、《UCLA孤独感量表》、《流调中心抑郁量表》、《焦虑自评量表》以及《觉知社会支持问卷》,对262名城市低龄老人进行一般自我效能感、心理健康和家庭支持现状调查,结合被试的性别、年龄、健康状况、居住结构、收入水平、学习状况等背景信息,研究结果如下:1、参与学习在低龄老年人的主观幸福感上主效应显著。参与学习的老人主观幸福感水平高于不参与学习的老人。2、低龄老年人的一般自我效能感可以预测其家庭支持和心理健康水平,一般自我效能感越高,可能获得的家庭支持越多,主观幸福感越高,孤独、抑郁、焦虑越低。3、家庭支持在低龄老年人一般自我效能感和心理健康之间起到部分中介效应,一般自我效能感在一定程度上经由家庭支持影响心理健康。以上研究结果表明,一般自我效能感可以预测低龄老年人的心理健康水平,并且在一定程度上通过家庭支持实现这一影响。参与学习可有效提高低龄老年人的主观幸福感,因此为低龄老年人提供丰富的文化生活和多样的学习平台,是促进低龄老年人心理健康的重要方式之一。
[Abstract]:Under the trend of aging population, the physical and mental health of the elderly has gradually become a concern of the whole society. The special physical, psychological and behavioral characteristics of the elderly determine their material and spiritual needs different from other groups. At the same time, China's modernization, urbanization and the one-child policy are becoming more and more important. More and more rural elderly come to the city to help their children take care of the third generation. Therefore, in addition to family support, the elderly need to adapt to social development and changes of living environment through independent psychological adjustment to maintain a good level of mental health. The purpose of this study was to explore the general self-efficacy, mental health and family support status of the younger aged people in order to reveal the relationship between them. The direct or indirect effects of general self-efficacy on the mental health of the young elderly were investigated, and the relationship between the participation in learning and the mental health of the young was also explored. The study used the mature Psychological scale, the General Self-efficacy scale, the Newfoundland Memorial University Happiness scale, the UCLA Lonely scale, the Center Depression scale, the Self-Rating anxiety scale and the perceived Social support questionnaire. The average sense of self-efficacy of the young people in the city, Mental health and family support status, combined with background information such as gender, age, health status, housing structure, income level, learning status, etc. The results are as follows: 1. Participation in learning plays a significant role in the subjective well-being of young people. The level of subjective well-being of the elderly who participated in the study was higher than that of the elderly who did not participate in the study. The general self-efficacy of the young people could predict their level of family support and mental health. The higher the general sense of self-efficacy, the more family support they might get. The higher the subjective well-being, the lower the loneliness, depression and anxiety. Family support plays a role in mediating the relationship between general self-efficacy and mental health. General self-efficacy affects mental health to some extent through family support. The results show that the general self-efficacy can predict the mental health level of the young people and achieve this effect through family support to some extent. Participation in learning can effectively improve the subjective well-being of the young people, so it is one of the important ways to promote the mental health of the young people to provide rich cultural life and diverse learning platform for the young elderly.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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