孤独情绪在不同自我状态下对异性交友决策的影响

发布时间：2018-06-29 03:58

本文选题：异性交友决策 + 孤独情绪　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：美妙的爱情对每个人都充满诱惑力,对大学生尤其如此。健康的浪漫关系不仅可以提高大学生的幸福感,有益于心理的健康发展,还可以促进学业发展。异性交友决策是建立浪漫关系的门槛,成功的异性交友决策能够帮助个体顺利获得浪漫关系,而不成功的异性交友决策则往往导致关系痛苦。因此,爱情虽美,但要先过异性交友决策这一关。孤独情绪是由于缺乏令人满意的人际关系而体验到的消极情绪。孤独的关系理论认为孤独情绪作为一种消极情绪对个体的身心健康具有严重的消极影响,而孤独的进化理论认为孤独情绪作为一种缺乏与社会联系的信号,能够提醒个体及时修复社会关系,因此具有一定的积极作用。那么,孤独情绪到底是促进异性交友还是阻碍异性交友呢?换言之,孤独情绪在异性交友决策中的角色,是“因为寂寞而更加沉默”还是“因为寂寞而说爱”?以往并没有研究对此作出回答。为此,本研究采用异性交友决策情景任务范式,采用2(性别:男与女)×2(孤独情绪:孤独与非孤独)×2(自我状态:现实自我与理想自我)×2(决策阶段:建立关系阶段与维持关系阶段)×2(任务特征:主动性与冒险性)混合实验设计。正式实验包括两个研究:研究一为现实自我条件下,考察孤独情绪对异性交友决策的影响。结果发现:(1)孤独情绪主要影响个体的主动性,而对冒险性的影响不显著;非孤独组被试比孤独组被试更加主动;(2)男性比女性更加主动,更冒险;(3)性别和孤独情绪的交互作用显著,即非孤独组被试只有在男性水平上比孤独组被试更加主动;(4)无论男性个体还是女性个体,在维持关系阶段中的主动性明显高于在建立关系阶段中的主动性,且女性在主动性上的增幅明显大于男性;同时,相对于建立关系阶段,男性和女性在维持关系阶段中的冒险性均有明显的下降,且两者的降低幅度没有显著地差异;间隔两周后进行研究二,即通过诱发被试在人际能力方面的理想自我,消除人际效能感在孤独情绪中的作用,来考察孤独情绪是否会在异性交友决策中的作用。结果发现:(1)在理想自我条件下,孤独组被试和非孤独组被试在主动性和冒险性上均没有显著地差异;(2)自我状态主要影响异性交友决策的建立关系阶段,而对维持关系阶段的影响不显著;理想自我条件下比现实自我条件下更加主动、更冒险;(3)个体在主动性上的得分显著高于在冒险性上的得分;(4)在建立关系阶段中的主动性上,自我状态对女性的影响比对男性的影响更大。根据两个研究的结果,得出以下结论:(1)在异性交友决策中,男性比女性更加主动、更冒险;(2)孤独情绪主要通过损害男性个体的主动性来阻碍异性交友决策;(3)自我状态不能有效调节孤独情绪对异性交友决策的影响;(4)异性交友决策涉及不同的决策阶段,在不同阶段上的决策涉及不同的心理过程。
[Abstract]:Wonderful love is seductive for everyone, especially for college students. A healthy romantic relationship can not only improve the happiness of college students, but also promote their academic development. Heterosexual decision making is the threshold of establishing romantic relationship. Successful heterosexual decision making can help individuals to obtain romantic relationship successfully, while unsuccessful heterosexual friends decision often leads to relationship pain. Therefore, although the love is beautiful, but must first pass the opposite sex friend to make the decision this one barrier. Loneliness is a negative emotion experienced because of a lack of satisfactory interpersonal relationships. The relationship theory of loneliness holds that loneliness as a negative emotion has a serious negative impact on the physical and mental health of individuals, while the evolution theory of loneliness believes that lonely emotion is a signal of lack of connection with society. Can remind the individual to repair social relations in time, so it has a positive role. So, is loneliness promoting heterosexual friendships or obstructing heterosexual friendships? In other words, does loneliness play a role in making friends of the opposite sex "more silent because of loneliness" or "talking about love because of loneliness"? No previous study has answered this question. For this reason, this study adopts the contextual task paradigm of heterosexual friend-making, Two (sex: male and female) 脳 2 (lonely emotion: lonely and non-lonely) 脳 2 (self-state: realistic self and ideal self) 脳 2 (decision-making stage: establishing relationship stage and maintaining phase) 脳 2 (task characteristics: initiative and adventure) were used. The formal experiment consists of two studies: one is to investigate the influence of loneliness on the decision making of the opposite sex under the condition of real self. The results showed that: (1) Lonely emotion mainly affected individual initiative, but had no significant effect on risk-taking; Non-lonely group was more active than lonely group; (2) male was more active than female. (3) the interaction between gender and loneliness was significant, that is, the non-lonely group was only more active than the lonely group at the male level; (4) whether male or female, The initiative in the maintenance phase was significantly higher than that in the relationship building stage, and the increase in the initiative of women was significantly greater than that of men; at the same time, relative to the relationship building stage, Both men and women had a significant decrease in risk-taking in the maintenance phase, and there was no significant difference in the extent of the decrease. The second study was conducted after a two-week interval, that is, by inducing the subjects' ideal self in terms of interpersonal competence. Eliminating the role of interpersonal efficacy in loneliness to determine whether loneliness plays a role in making friends with the opposite sex. The results showed that: (1) under the ideal self-condition, there was no significant difference in initiative and risk-taking between the lonely group and the non-lonely group, and (2) the self-state mainly affected the establishing relationship stage of the heterosexual dating decision. But the influence on the maintenance phase is not significant; the ideal self-condition is more active and riskier than the real self-condition; (3) the individual score in initiative is significantly higher than that in risk-taking; (4) in the stage of establishing relationship, the initiative is more active. Self-states have a greater impact on women than on men. Based on the results of two studies, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) males are more active than females in making friends of the opposite sex. (2) Lonely mood hinders the decision making of the opposite sex by harming the initiative of the male individual; (3) the self state can not regulate the influence of the lonely emotion on the decision making of the opposite sex; (4) the decision making of the opposite sex involves different stages of decision making. Decision making at different stages involves different psychological processes.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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