团体辅导对提高社区老年人社会支持水平的效果研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 06:17

本文选题：社区老年人 + 社会支持　；参考：《江西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的：本研究旨在探讨支持性团体辅导对于城市社区老年人社会支持的干预效果，并试图揭示老年群体在团体活动中新社会支持形成的可能性及途径，从而达到帮助其持续改善社会支持状况，增强对于负性事件的心理调适能力，维护其心理健康的目的。研究方法：采用方便抽样的方法选择北京市的某一行政区，并随机选取其中的两个社区设置为实验组和对照组，采用实验组对照组前后测与追踪访谈的实验设计，选用MoCA认知评估量表（北京版）和CES-D抑郁自评量表筛查出认知与情绪正常的老年人作为被试，同时使用肖水源社会支持评定量表（SSRS）对入组老年人的社会支持水平做出前测阶段的评估，通过对实验组老年人进行团体辅导后进行SSRS后测，，并在三个月后进行半结构化的访谈来综合验证该干预的效果对于改善社区老年人社会支持的效果。研究结果：通过协方差分析结果可知，实验组和对照组在社会支持量表总分上因实验处理统计差异显著(F=16.547,p0.001,η2=.177)；两组被试在客观支持维度的得分因实验处理而有显著性差异(F=30.337,p0.001,η2=.283)；两组被试在主观支持维度上的得分因实验处理而有显著性差异(F=4.938,p0.05,η2=.060)；实验组被试在社会支持利用度分量表的后测得分与对照组比较没有显著差异(F=.322,p0.05,η2=.004)。追踪阶段质性访谈结果显示团体辅导结束3个月后改善效果依然存在。研究结论：（1）该支持性团体辅导方案对于提高老年人社会支持整体水平有效，其中对于客观支持的改善有较强针对性，改善效果也较为良好。（2）支持性团体辅导为小组成员们持续获得良性的主观支持奠定了基础，使其对于负性生活事件的免疫力和科学应对方式有所提升，促进了该群体积极老化态度的树立。（3）通过在社区内开展团体辅导，组员彼此间建立了新的社会连结，期间出现的互助行为涉及到情感性支持和工具性支持，从而为这种社会连结深入发展为新的有效社会支持提供了可能性。
[Abstract]:Objective: the purpose of this study was to explore the intervention effect of supportive group counseling on social support for the elderly in urban community, and to reveal the possibility and ways of the formation of new social support in group activities. In order to help them to continuously improve the social support situation, enhance the ability of psychological adjustment to negative events, and maintain their mental health. Methods: a district of Beijing was selected by convenient sampling, and two communities were randomly selected as experimental group and control group. Using MoCA Cognitive Assessment scale (Beijing version) and CES-D Depression Self-Rating scale (CES-D), the elderly with normal cognition and mood were selected as subjects. At the same time, the social support rating scale of Xiao Source (SSRS) was used to evaluate the social support level of the elderly in the experimental group. Three months later, semi-structured interviews were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the intervention in improving social support for the elderly in the community. Results: according to the results of covariance analysis, there were significant differences in the total scores of social support scale between the experimental group and the control group because of the statistical difference of the experimental treatment (F _ (16.547) P _ (0.001), 畏 _ 2 路177), the scores of the objective support dimension of the two groups were significantly different from those of the experimental treatment (F _ (30) 337p 0.001, 畏 _ 2 路283). The scores of subjective support in the two groups were significantly different from those in the control group (FF4. 938, p 0. 05, 畏 2, 0. 060), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the social support utilization scale (FN. 322, p 0. 05, 畏 2. 004). The results of qualitative interviews at the follow-up stage showed that the improvement effect of group counseling was still in existence 3 months after the end of group counseling. The conclusions are as follows: (1) this supportive group counseling program is effective in improving the overall level of social support for the elderly, and has strong pertinence for the improvement of objective support. (2) the supportive group counseling has laid the foundation for the group members to continuously obtain the benign subjective support, and has improved their immunity to negative life events and scientific coping style. The positive aging attitude of the group was promoted. (3) through group counseling in the community, the group members established new social links with each other, and the mutual aid behaviors that emerged during the period involved emotional support and instrumental support. Thus, the further development of this kind of social link provides the possibility for new effective social support.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.4

【参考文献】