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网络信息的内隐和外显记忆优势效应

发布时间:2018-07-11 10:36

  本文选题:网络词汇 + 内隐记忆 ; 参考:《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文


【摘要】:21世纪是网络信息时代,人们越来越离不开网络,心理科学对网络的关注也越来越多,但主要集中在人格、社会、学习、决策和网瘾等方向,而鲜有网络对正常使用者认知影响的研究。直到2011年,Sparrow等人在Science期刊上发表了第一篇影响力较大的网络对记忆影响的文章,人们才真正开始关注网络对认知的改变。然而,到目前为止尚缺乏网络内容对认知影响的研究。Sparrow等人的研究虽然证实网络改变了人的记忆方式,但未探究更深层次的原因。网络化的大环境是每个社会人都必须适应的不可逆的历史潮流,正如我们的祖先适应物竞天择的大自然,从这个意义上讲,网络可能导致人们的认知发生进化意义上的改变。为了从进化的角度探究网络是否使我们的记忆产生了认知加工深度的改变,又基于内隐记忆和外显记忆的相对独立性,我们进行了如下的两个研究:研究一,采用Stroop变式任务及知觉辨认范式探究网络词汇的内隐记忆优势效应。实验设计为单因素2水平(网络词汇、非网络词汇)的被试内设计,被试为华中师范大学34名大学生。研究结果发现,网络词汇在Stroop变式任务阶段反应时显著高于非网络词汇,而在知觉辨认任务中网络词汇的反应时显著低于非网络词汇,且再认正确率显著高于非网络词汇。研究二,采用词性辨别任务及加工分离范式探究网络词汇的外显记忆优势效应。实验设计为单因素2水平(网络词汇、非网络词汇)的被试内设计,被试为华中师范大学35名大学生。结果发现,网络词汇在属性辨别任务阶段反应时显著低于非网络词汇,但网络词汇的再认正确率显著高于非网络词汇,且网络词汇的自动提取成分显著高于非网络词汇,而两类词的意识性提取成分则无显著差异。两个研究的结果均证实了网络词汇的记忆优势效应,证实了网络对记忆的改变,但这一结论还需要进一步从年龄及网络情境启动的角度进一步验证。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is the era of network information, people are more and more inseparable from the network, and psychological science is paying more and more attention to the network, but it is mainly focused on the direction of personality, society, learning, decision-making and Internet addiction. However, there is little research on the effect of network on normal users' cognition. It was not until 2011, when Sparrow et al. published the first article in the journal Science on the influence of the Internet on memory, that people really began to pay attention to the changes in cognition through the Internet. So far, however, there is a lack of research on the effects of web content on cognition. Although the research by Sparrow et al confirms that the network has changed the way people remember, they have not explored the deeper reasons. The networked environment is an irreversible historical trend to which every human being must adapt, just as our ancestors adapted to the natural selection of nature. In this sense, the network may lead to evolutionary changes in people's cognition. In order to explore whether the network changes the cognitive processing depth of our memory from the perspective of evolution, and based on the relative independence of implicit memory and explicit memory, we have carried out the following two studies: first, Stroop variant task and perceptual recognition paradigm were used to explore the implicit memory advantage effect of network vocabulary. The experiment was designed with single factor and two levels (network vocabulary, non-network vocabulary). The subjects were 34 college students from Central China normal University. The results show that the reaction time of online vocabulary in Stroop variant task stage is significantly higher than that in non-network vocabulary, while in perceptual recognition task, the reaction time of network vocabulary is significantly lower than that of non-network vocabulary, and the recognition accuracy rate is significantly higher than that of non-network vocabulary. In the second study, the explicit memory advantage effect of network vocabulary was explored by using the task of part of speech discrimination and processing separation paradigm. The experiment was designed with single factor and two levels (network vocabulary, non-network vocabulary). The subjects were 35 college students from Central China normal University. The results showed that the response time of network vocabulary in the task phase of attribute discrimination was significantly lower than that of non-network vocabulary, but the recognition accuracy of network vocabulary was significantly higher than that of non-network vocabulary, and the automatic extraction of network vocabulary was significantly higher than that of non-network word. However, there was no significant difference between the two categories of words. The results of both studies confirm the memory advantage effect of network vocabulary and the change of network memory, but this conclusion needs to be further verified from the point of view of age and network situation priming.
【学位授予单位】:华中师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:B842.3

【参考文献】

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本文编号:2114853


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