老年人自我宽恕倾向研究

发布时间：2018-07-11 13:54

本文选题：自我宽恕倾向 + 老年人　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着老龄化程度日益加深，老年人的身心健康和幸福感越来越得到各界人士的关注。自我宽恕是个体身心健康的影响因素之一，对老年人自我宽恕的研究有助于提高老年人的身心健康水平，让老年人能积极应对生活和自己。研究目的：1.编制老年人自我宽恕倾向问卷，为老年人自我宽恕倾向的量化研究提供工具。2.了解老年人自我宽恕倾向现状，探讨其在性别、年龄、户口所在地、婚姻状况和文化程度上的差异。3.探讨高低自我宽恕倾向水平老年人的差异，为提高老年人自我宽恕能力提供理论和实践依据。研究方法：1.在大量阅读国内外文献的基础上，以老年人为被试，经过开放式问卷调查形成老年人自我宽恕倾向预测问卷。通过对预测问卷调查结果进行探索性因素和验证性因素分析，形成老年人自我宽恕倾向正式问卷。以304名老年人为被试检测了正式问卷的内部一致性信度、分半信度及其效度。2.采用方差分析和独立样本t检验对上述被试自我宽恕倾向现状及其在性别、户口所在地、文化程度、年龄和婚姻状况上的差异。3.采用一对一访谈法对30名高低自我宽恕倾向老年人进行研究，，探讨了两类老年人的差异。研究结果：1.自编的老年人自我宽恕倾向正式问卷包括14个题项，包括认知倾向、情感倾向和行为倾向三个维度，使用五点量表计分法，问卷具有良好的信、效度，内部一致性信度系数为0.940，分半系数为0.939，再测信度为0.948，因素分析的结果解释了总变异的64.248%。2.老年人自我宽恕倾向水平在整体上处于较高水平。通过对被试人口学变量的分析，结果发现不同性别、地区、教育程度、婚姻状况及文化程度对老年人自我宽恕倾向及其各个维度均有不同程度的显著差异。3.高低自我宽恕倾向老年人在认知（归因方式和应对方式）、情感（消极情感的多寡）、行为（是否主动承担责任）和人际关系（社会支持的多寡）四个方面存在差异。研究结论：1.自编老年人自我宽恕倾向问卷包括三个因素：认知倾向、情感倾向和行为倾向。问卷具有良好的信、效度，能够作为研究的测量工具。2.老年人总体自我宽恕倾向水平较高。3.不同性别、户籍类型、年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况的老人在自我宽恕倾向上存在不同程度的显著差异。4.高低自我宽恕倾向水平的老年人在认知、情感、行为和人际关系上存在差异。
[Abstract]:With the aging degree deepening, the physical and mental health and well-being of the elderly are more and more concerned by people from all walks of life. Self-forgiveness is one of the influencing factors of individual physical and mental health. The research on self-forgiveness of the elderly is helpful to improve the physical and mental health of the elderly and enable them to actively cope with life and themselves. Objective: 1. In order to provide a tool for quantitative study of self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly, a questionnaire on self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly was developed. To understand the status of self-forgiveness tendency in the elderly, and to explore the differences in sex, age, residence location, marital status and educational level. To explore the differences of high and low self-forgiveness tendency in the elderly and to provide theoretical and practical basis for improving the self-forgiveness ability of the elderly. Research method: 1. On the basis of reading a large number of literature at home and abroad, the elderly were selected as subjects, and the self-forgiveness tendency prediction questionnaire was formed by an open questionnaire. Through the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the predictive questionnaire results, the formal questionnaire of self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly was formed. The internal consistency reliability, split-half reliability and validity of the formal questionnaire were tested in 304 elderly subjects. ANOVA and independent sample t-test were used to analyze the status of self-forgiveness tendency and its differences in sex, residence location, education level, age and marital status. A one-to-one interview was used to study the differences between the two groups of elderly people with high and low self-forgiveness tendency. The result of the study was: 1. The self-designed formal questionnaire for self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly includes 14 items, including three dimensions of cognitive disposition, emotional tendency and behavioral tendency. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity by using the five-point scale scoring method. The internal consistency reliability coefficient was 0.940, the split-half coefficient was 0.939, and the re-test reliability was 0.948. The result of factor analysis explained the total variation of 64.248. 2. The level of self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly is relatively high on the whole. By analyzing the demographic variables of the subjects, it was found that there were significant differences between gender, region, education, marital status and education level on the self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly and its dimensions. There are differences in cognition (attribution style and coping style), emotion (the amount of negative emotion), behavior (whether to take responsibility or not) and interpersonal relationship (the amount of social support). Conclusion: 1. The self-designed questionnaire for self-forgiveness of the elderly consists of three factors: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. The questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used as a measuring tool. 2. The overall self-forgiveness tendency of the elderly is higher. 3. 3. There were significant differences in self-forgiveness tendency of elderly people with different gender, household registration type, age, education level and marital status. There were differences in cognition, emotion, behavior and interpersonal relationship between the elderly with high self-forgiveness tendency.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.4

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