宽恕期待对大学生宽恕感表现特点影响

发布时间：2018-08-05 20:03

【摘要】：宽恕是人际交往中的重要组成部分。宽恕感是能原谅别人且心安的情感,是一种复杂的社会情感,在冲突发生以后,受害者做出宽恕行为后会体会相应的宽恕情绪,这种情绪经过反复积累和认知深化,同时受到基本的社会需要的调解以后便会形成最终相对稳定的宽恕情感。前人研究表明受害者对于冒犯者想要被原谅的信念是宽恕的强有力的预测项目。所以在我们的研究中重点关注双方对于宽恕的想法,受害者并不一定能够正确意识到冒犯者想要被原谅的意愿,即宽恕期待,这种差异能够影响受害者的宽恕行为的产生。本研究采用情境故事法将冲突双方关于相同问题的对比来了解双方关于冲突发生后的各项认知的差异。通过行为与ERP实验,探讨在宽恕期待反馈高低情境中,大学生宽恕感的表现特点,涉及到个体的行为、情绪以及脑电反应。在实验一中,通过情境问卷法探讨冲突双方的认知差异;实验二通过真实情境实验法,制造贴合大学生实际的冲突,实验者通过控制冒犯者宽恕期待反馈来考察不同宽恕特质受害者的行为和情绪体验差异;实验三在实验二的基础上编制线上互动游戏程序,主要考察个体在面对不同宽恕期待反馈的冒犯者时的行为和脑电反应。结果显示:实验一中宽恕期待主效应显著,受害者的宽恕期待显著小于冒犯者,宽恕感对宽恕行为意向和宽恕期待均有显著预测作用,宽恕期待在宽恕感和宽恕行为之间起着部分中介作用,宽恕感高的个体更容易做出宽恕行为,并且受到宽恕期待的中介作用,宽恕期待越高,宽恕行为越多。实验二中宽恕期待反馈和宽恕感的交互作用显著,简单效应分析结果显示,宽恕反馈对于高宽恕感被试的行为及情绪影响不显著,对于低宽恕感被试影响显著。实验三中对两个对家的刺激量差异显著,对表达宽恕期待的对家的宽恕程度显著高于对未表达宽恕期待对家,脑电结果显示晚期正成分波幅上的期待反馈主效应显著,期待反馈和脑区交互作用显著,对于发送宽恕期待的对家进行进一步的认知重评,诱发更大波幅。
[Abstract]:Forgiveness is an important part of interpersonal relationships. Forgiveness is an emotion that forgives others and heart. It is a complex social emotion. After the occurrence of a conflict, the victim will experience the corresponding forgiveness after the victim's forgiveness. This emotion is mediated by repeated accumulation and cognition, and is mediated by the basic social needs. Previous studies have shown that the victim's belief that the offender wants to be forgiven is a powerful prediction for forgiveness. So in our study, we focus on the ideas of both sides for forgiveness, and the victims do not necessarily be able to realize the intention of the offender to be forgiven, that is, the intention of the offender to be forgiven, that is, This study uses the situational story method to compare the differences of the two parties on the same issues to understand the differences of cognitive differences between the two parties after the occurrence of the conflict. Through the behavior and the ERP experiment, we discuss the performance of the forgiveness of the college students in the high and low context of the forgiveness expectation feedback. Characteristics, involving individual behavior, emotion and brain electrical response. In the experiment one, the cognitive differences between the two parties were investigated by the situational questionnaire. Experiment two made the actual conflict with the college students through the real situation experiment method. The experimenter examined the behavior of the victims of different forgiveness traits by controlling the offenders' forgiveness period. On the basis of the experiment two, experiment three examines the behavior and EEG response of the individual in the face of the offenders with different forgiving expectation feedback. The results show that the forgiveness expectation of the victim is significantly smaller than the offender, and the forgiveness is to the forgiveness behavior. The expectation of intention and forgiveness has a significant predictive effect. Forgiveness anticipates a partial role between the sense of forgiveness and the forgiveness behavior, and the individuals with high forgiveness are more likely to do forgiveness, and are mediated by the expectation of forgiveness. The higher the forgiveness expectation is, the more forgiveness behavior is. In experiment second, the interaction of the forgiveness expectation feedback and the sense of forgiveness is in Experiment 2. With significant and simple effect analysis, the results of simple effect analysis showed that the effect of pardon feedback on the behavior and emotion of the high forgiveness subjects was not significant, and it had significant influence on the low forgiveness subjects. In the third experiment, there were significant differences in the stimulation of two families, and the degree of forgiveness to the family expressing forgiveness expectancy was significantly higher than that of those who did not express forgiveness expectations. The results showed that the expectant feedback main effect on the amplitude of the late positive component was significant, the anticipation feedback and the interaction of the brain region were significant, and further cognitive reassessment was carried out for the families sending forgiveness expectations, and the greater amplitude was induced.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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