内-外倾人群情绪体验前额叶激活的差异：一项fNIRs研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 08:51

【摘要】：情绪,围绕在世界的每一个角落,只要有人的地方都会有各种各样的情绪。情绪影响许多认知过程,如知觉、判断、推理和创造力。情感体验是个体主观感受或感知的情感状态。内—外倾人格与情感活动密切相关,人格特质不仅影响人的社会适应性和主观幸福感,而且还与人的能力、焦虑、冲动产生的情绪行为障碍密切相关。在以往的研究中,外向和情绪表达之间的关系会影响到情绪易感性,如外向性人格得分较高的群体面对刺激会有更高的积极情绪反应。所以,在情绪体验过程中一定会出现内外倾的差异。功能近红外技术(fNIRs)是基于近红外光在脑组织中的吸收和朗伯-比尔定律。光线在组织中被特定的化合物吸收,造成光的衰减。这些化合物被称为"生色团”,如水、脂质、黑色素、肌红蛋白、细胞色素、氧和血红蛋白、去氧血红蛋白等。这些生色团各自有自己特定的吸收波长。这些生色团的功能状态则决定着光谱的吸收特征,血红蛋白的吸收光谱取决于其氧化还原状态。人体的各类成分,比如皮肤、颅骨、氧合血红蛋白、脱氧血红蛋白以及细胞色素对近红外光均有不同程度的吸收和散射,使透射光出现衰减。因为颅骨、皮肤组织的几何条件相对固定,颅内衰减主要原因在于氧和血红蛋白、脱氧血红蛋白对光的吸收。根据计算衰减前后光的数量,可揭示出到大脑皮层的功能状态。已有研究表明情绪体验存在着性别差异,本研究为了规避性别差异,在被试选取上全部为女性。本研究目的是通过研究不同人格特质的女性在面对情绪性刺激时不同的脑区反应,利用近红外功能成像来记录女性在观看情绪视频时的脑区活动,揭示不同人格群体的情绪差异。本研究使用《艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版》来进行被试的筛选工作,并且使用自我情绪评定量表(Self-Assessment Manikin)对被试的情绪进行评定,运用techen第六代连续波近红外功能成像系统(cw6)采集被试前额叶的血样动力学数据,结果发现:在悲伤情绪中,两组被试的独立样本t检验结果显示,内倾组和外倾组在悲伤情绪下的唤醒度存在显著差异,效价的差异也显著。血样动力学方面,外倾组被试在A、B、C、D4个souce和10个detector组成的16个通道中的HbT浓度均高于内倾组。外倾组在0-60s中血氧总浓度升高,并保持稳定。而内倾组的HbT浓度在A1、B4、B5、C5、C7、D7、D8通道中在20s之后出现了轻微的下降。在恐惧情绪中,对两组被试的情绪自评结果进行独立样本t检验,结果显示,内倾组和外倾组的唤醒度存在显著差异,同时两组的情绪效价水平也存在差异。内倾组和外倾组的血氧水平变化存在差异,从图中我们可以看出,外倾组各个通道在刺激开始的0s-60s中总氧浓度上升,并保持稳定,额叶激活明显,而内倾组的血氧变化波幅较大,在-40s-0s开始出现波动,0s-20s血氧浓度有较大爬升,之后在sourceA和sourceB中的各个通道中的20s之后血氧浓度有下降。在愉快类型中,从两组的独立样本t检验结果中可以看出,愉快情绪对内倾组和外倾组的唤醒存在显著差异,愉快情绪在内倾组和外倾组上的效价水平差异边缘显著。外倾组在愉快视频出现的0s-60s中血氧浓度上升有限,但总体呈上升趋势,除A1和D9通道在20s之后有明显下降,推测可能是由于外界噪音。而面对愉快类型的刺激,内倾组的血氧水平与恐惧时的血氧水平有一定的相似性,波动较大,血氧有变化,但是在刺激呈现约20s之后血氧浓度呈现下降趋势。在轻松情绪中,在对两组被试的独立样本t检验中发现,轻松氛围对内倾组和外倾组的唤醒差异不显著,两组的情绪效价存在显著差异。内倾和外倾在刺激呈现后的HbT浓度变化都不明显,然而内倾组在刺激呈现40s之后血氧浓度会有一个短暂的爬升,推测可能是因为情绪唤醒的延迟。在中性刺激中,两组在唤醒和效价上的差异均不显著,无统计学意义。在血氧变化方面,两组的血氧浓度均呈下降趋势,额叶激活不明显,此处也有额叶激活的延迟效应,内倾组血氧水平在刺激出现的0s-50s下降更为明显,B3、B4、B5、B6通道在50s之后血氧水平有提升。
[Abstract]:Emotion, around every corner of the world, has a variety of emotions as long as there are people. Emotions affect many cognitive processes, such as perception, judgment, reasoning and creativity. Emotional experience is a state of subjective feeling or perception. Internal extroversion is closely related to emotional activity, and personality traits not only affect human society. In the previous study, the relationship between extrovert and emotional expression could affect emotional susceptibility, such as extroverted groups with higher scores, which would have higher positive emotional responses in the face of prickly stimulation. So, in the emotional body. FNIRs is based on absorption of near infrared light in brain tissue and Lambert Bill's law. Light is absorbed by specific compounds in tissue and causes light attenuation. These compounds are called "chromophores", such as water, lipid, melanin, myoglobin, cytochrome, oxygen, and oxygen. And hemoglobin, hemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, and so on. These chromophores each have their own specific absorption wavelengths. The functional states of these chromophores determine the absorption characteristics of the spectrum. The absorption spectrum of hemoglobin depends on its redox state. Various components of the body, such as skin, skull, oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin and There are different degrees of absorption and scattering of cytochrome to the near infrared light, which attenuates the transmission light. Because the skull, the geometric conditions of the skin tissue are relatively fixed, the main reason for the intracranial attenuation is the absorption of oxygen and hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin. The function of the decaying light can reveal the function of the cerebral cortex. The purpose of this study is to study the different brain responses of women with different personality traits in the face of emotional stimuli and the use of near infrared imaging to record women when watching emotional video. The activity of the brain region revealed the emotional differences of different personality groups. This study used the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Eysenck) simplified Chinese version to conduct the screening work, and used the self Emotion Rating Scale (Self-Assessment Manikin) to assess the emotion of the subjects and use the techen sixth generation continuous wave near-infrared imaging system (cw6 The data of blood samples from the prefrontal lobes of the subjects were collected. In the sad mood, the results of the independent sample t test of the two groups showed that there was a significant difference in the waking degree of the introverted and extroverted groups and significant differences in the titer. The extroversion group was made up of A, B, C, D4 souce and 10 detector components. The concentration of HbT in the 16 channels was higher than that in the introverted group. The total oxygen concentration in the extroversion group increased in 0-60s and remained stable. The HbT concentration in the introverted group decreased slightly in the A1, B4, B5, C5, C7, D7, D8 channels after 20s. In the fear, the independent sample t test was carried out for the self evaluation results of the two groups of subjects. The results showed that the introversion was introverted. There was a significant difference in the arousal degree between the group and the extroversion group. At the same time, there was a difference in the level of emotional titer in the two groups. There was a difference in the change of blood oxygen level in the introverted and extroverted groups. From the picture we can see that the total oxygen concentration in the extroverted group increased in the 0s-60s of the beginning of the stimulation, and remained stable, the frontal lobe was activated obviously, and the blood of the introverted group was in the introverted group. The amplitude of oxygen change began to fluctuate at the beginning of -40s-0s, and the oxygen concentration of 0s-20s had a great climb, and after 20s in each channel in sourceA and sourceB, the concentration of blood oxygen decreased. In the happy type, there was a significant difference between the awakening of the introverted and extroverted groups from the results of the independent sample t test of the two groups. The difference in the titer level of the extroversion group and the extroversion group was very marginal. The increase of oxygen concentration in the extroversion group was limited in the 0s-60s of happy video, but the overall increase trend, except for the A1 and D9 channels after 20s, was obviously due to external noise. There is a certain similarity between the level of blood oxygen in peace and fear, the fluctuation is larger, the blood oxygen is changed, but the blood oxygen concentration decreases after the stimulus is about 20s. In the relaxed mood, in the independent sample t test of the two groups of subjects, the difference of awakening of the relaxed atmosphere to the introverted group and the leaning group is not significant, and the emotional titer of the two groups is stored. There were significant differences. There was no obvious change in the concentration of HbT after the extroversion and extroversion. However, in the introverted group, the concentration of blood oxygen would have a short climb after the stimulation of 40s. It was presumed that the delay of emotional arousal. In the neutral stimulus, there was no significant difference between the two groups in arousal and titer. In the two groups, the blood oxygen concentration in the two groups declined, the frontal lobe activation was not obvious, there was also the delayed effect of frontal lobe activation, and the decrease of oxygen level in the introverted group was more obvious, B3, B4, B5, and the blood oxygen level of the B6 channel increased after 50s.
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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