自我监控与冲动性的相关及实验研究

发布时间：2018-08-22 20:48

【摘要】：该研究旨在探索自我监控与冲动性的关系，解释不同类型自我监控者的行为机制。研究一以整群抽样的方式，对350名地方院校大学生施测了《自我监控量表》、《Barratt冲动性量表中文修订版》，初步探索了自我监控与冲动性的相关关系，分析讨论了不同类型自我监控者可能存在的冲动性特征。随后，以得分在子量表高分27%以上的个体作为典型被试，采用《自我监控量表》筛选出三种类型自我监控者（其中，他人导向组26人，，自我导向组26人，高自我监控组24人），进行冲动性行为特征的实验研究。研究二中，以爱荷华赌博任务(IGT）来了解自我监控者的冲动性决策策略；研究三采用线索-反应/抑制任务（Cued go/no-go task）测量自我监控者的冲动性行为反应抑制能力。研究主要得到以下结论：（1）自我监控与冲动性的相关显著。其中，他人导向与运动冲动性、认知冲动性及无计划冲动性存在显著正相关；自我导向与运动冲动性存在显著正相关，与认知冲动性及无计划冲动性表现出显著负相关；高自我监控与运动冲动性、认知冲动性及无计划冲动性存在显著负相关。（2）他人导向者决策受损，存在即时收益优先‖效应、高风险耐受性特征，出现决策绩效低，决策策略改变不当；自我导向者部分决策受损，存在即时收益优先‖效应，决策绩效较高，正性决策策略改变缓慢；而高自我监控者不存在决策受损，决策绩效高，正性决策策略改变迅速。（3）作为协调自我与环境的人格倾向，自我监控会影响个体的冲动性行为表现。（4）冲动性决策是自我监控者的行为机制之一。决策受损使得他人导向者存在认知冲动性、无计划冲动性。（5）不同类型自我监控者都能很好地抑制冲动性反应，但他人导向者、自我导向者需要更长的加工时间以确保成功抑制行为。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between self-monitoring and impulsiveness and to explain the behavioral mechanisms of different types of self-regulators. In the first study, the self-monitoring scale and the revised Chinese version of the Barratt impulsivity scale were tested on 350 local college students by cluster sampling, and the correlation between self-monitoring and impulsivity was preliminarily explored. The impulsive characteristics of different types of self-monitors are analyzed and discussed. Then, the individuals with a score of more than 27% in the sub-scale were used as the typical subjects, and three types of self-monitoring subjects were selected by using the self-monitoring scale (26 in the other-oriented group, 26 in the self-directed group, and 26 in the self-directed group). High self-monitoring group (n = 24) was used to study the characteristics of impulsive behavior. In the second study, the Iowa gambling task (IGT) was used to understand the impulsive decision strategy of the self-monitor, and the cue-response / inhibition task (Cued go/no-go task) was used to measure the inhibition of impulsive behavior. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the correlation between self-monitoring and impulsiveness is significant. Among them, there is a significant positive correlation between other orientation and motor impulse, cognitive impulse and unplanned impulse, self-orientation and motor impulse, and a significant negative correlation with cognitive impulse and unplanned impulse. There was significant negative correlation between high self-monitoring and motor impulsiveness, cognitive impulsiveness and unplanned impulsiveness. (2) decision making of others was impaired, there were immediate benefit priority effect and high risk tolerance. The decision performance is low, the decision strategy change is not appropriate, the self-guide part of the decision is damaged, there is the immediate benefit priority effect, the decision performance is higher, the positive decision strategy changes slowly, but the high self-monitoring person does not have the decision damage, but the high self-monitoring person does not have the decision damage. The decision-making performance is high and the positive decision strategy changes rapidly. (3) as a personality tendency to coordinate self and environment, (4) impulsive decision-making is one of the behavioral mechanisms of self-monitoring. Decision loss causes cognitive impulsiveness and unplanned impulsiveness in the other-oriented. (5) different types of self-monitoring can well inhibit impulsive responses, but others can, Self-guides need longer processing time to ensure successful inhibition of behavior.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B849

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