视觉工作记忆巩固对注意瞬脱效应的影响
发布时间：2018-08-26 15:38
【摘要】：连续快速呈现(RSVP)范式是研究注意时间机制的经典范式。在快速闪现的刺激中,若目标二(T2)在目标一(T1)之后的200-500ms(Lag)内出现,人们识别目标二的正确率会显著降低,即注意瞬脱(Attentional Blink, AB)。有关此效应的理论尚有争论,工作记忆调节此效应的研究还不断挑战着既有理论。 为了进一步探讨视觉工作记忆加工过程在此效应中的作用,我们通过操纵视觉工作记忆巩固(WMC)的容量或时长,探究工作记忆巩固在AB效应中的认知与脑机制。实验一结合改编的延迟匹配任务,通过设置两种容量的WMC控制其加工负荷,目标一的匹配性及Lag各有两水平。结果表明,WMC容量可显著调节AB效应,这一调节作用还会受到Lag或延迟匹配性的限制,其认知机制可能与WMC的序列加工有关。实验二采用事件相关电位(ERPs)技术,探究WMC长、短两种时长及Lag影响AB的认知与脑机制。结果表明,以正确识别T2的反应时为因变量时,两因素的主效应与交互效应都显著；当巩固时长为100ms时,Lag的简单效应更大。与行为数据结果一致,在AB期内,T2诱发的P2、P3成分振幅更小；当WMC时长为200ms时,AB期内的P2成分振幅更小；当WMC时长为100ms时,AB期内P3成分的潜伏期更长。 综上,我们认为WMC的序列加工机制可能是其影响AB效应的认知机制,WMC时长与目标间隔的交互作用会影响到T2的感知加工阶段,驳斥了以往有关AB效应理论的假设。
[Abstract]:Continuous and fast presentation of (RSVP) paradigm is a classic paradigm to study the mechanism of attention time. In rapid flash stimulation, if target 2 (T2) appears in 200-500ms (Lag) after target 1 (T1), the accuracy of recognition of target 2 will be significantly reduced, that is, noticing instantaneous (Attentional Blink, AB). The theory of this effect is still controversial, and the study of the effect of working memory regulation is challenging the existing theory. In order to further explore the role of visual working memory processing in this effect, we explored the cognitive and brain mechanisms of working memory consolidation in the AB effect by manipulating visual working memory to consolidate the capacity or duration of (WMC). In the first experiment, the processing load is controlled by setting WMC with two kinds of capacity, and the matching ability of target one and Lag are two levels respectively. The results showed that the capacity of AB could significantly regulate the AB effect, which was also restricted by Lag or delayed matching, and its cognitive mechanism might be related to the sequence processing of WMC. In experiment 2, event-related potential (ERPs) technique was used to explore the cognitive and brain mechanisms of WMC, short and long WMC, and the influence of Lag on AB. The results show that the main effect and the interaction effect of the two factors are significant when the response time of T2 is correctly identified as dependent variable, and the simple effect of Lag is greater when the consolidation time is 100ms. In accordance with the behavioral data, the amplitude of P2P _ 3 induced by T _ 2 in AB phase was smaller, that of P2 component in AB phase was smaller when WMC duration was 200ms, and the latency of P3 component in AB phase was longer when WMC duration was 100ms. In conclusion, we think that the sequence processing mechanism of WMC may be its cognitive mechanism that affects the AB effect. The interaction between the duration of WMCs and the target interval will affect the processing stage of T2, which refutes the previous hypothesis of AB effect theory.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.3
本文编号：2205355
[Abstract]:Continuous and fast presentation of (RSVP) paradigm is a classic paradigm to study the mechanism of attention time. In rapid flash stimulation, if target 2 (T2) appears in 200-500ms (Lag) after target 1 (T1), the accuracy of recognition of target 2 will be significantly reduced, that is, noticing instantaneous (Attentional Blink, AB). The theory of this effect is still controversial, and the study of the effect of working memory regulation is challenging the existing theory. In order to further explore the role of visual working memory processing in this effect, we explored the cognitive and brain mechanisms of working memory consolidation in the AB effect by manipulating visual working memory to consolidate the capacity or duration of (WMC). In the first experiment, the processing load is controlled by setting WMC with two kinds of capacity, and the matching ability of target one and Lag are two levels respectively. The results showed that the capacity of AB could significantly regulate the AB effect, which was also restricted by Lag or delayed matching, and its cognitive mechanism might be related to the sequence processing of WMC. In experiment 2, event-related potential (ERPs) technique was used to explore the cognitive and brain mechanisms of WMC, short and long WMC, and the influence of Lag on AB. The results show that the main effect and the interaction effect of the two factors are significant when the response time of T2 is correctly identified as dependent variable, and the simple effect of Lag is greater when the consolidation time is 100ms. In accordance with the behavioral data, the amplitude of P2P _ 3 induced by T _ 2 in AB phase was smaller, that of P2 component in AB phase was smaller when WMC duration was 200ms, and the latency of P3 component in AB phase was longer when WMC duration was 100ms. In conclusion, we think that the sequence processing mechanism of WMC may be its cognitive mechanism that affects the AB effect. The interaction between the duration of WMCs and the target interval will affect the processing stage of T2, which refutes the previous hypothesis of AB effect theory.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.3
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