厌恶情绪词汇的加工及神经机制研究
发布时间：2018-08-27 11:07
【摘要】：对于情绪词汇的加工,不同的理论有不同的观点。传统理论的观点认为,对词汇的情绪反应产生于阅读本身,是抽象语义的激活,也就是说在阅读的时候,我们要先明白词汇的意义,之后才会产生相应的情绪。与此不同的是新兴理论——神经重用理论提出的观点,它认为大脑区域参与加工各种刺激(面孔、图片、气味)的情绪信息,也负责加工词汇的情绪信息,也就是说大脑区域直接参与加工情绪信息。神经重用的观点假设最近习得的认知功能(如语言)不是全新的网络产物,而是起源于“古老”成分的重新组合,它们也参与其他的认知功能。根据这一观点,情绪词汇会激活经典阅读网络之外的大脑区域(如杏仁核、脑岛、前额皮质),加工情绪的区域不是阅读的区域。那么情绪词汇到底在何时被加工,需要进一步的深入探讨。一个特定的情绪——厌恶。选取能够引发人们厌恶情绪的汉语词汇。如果我们把前脑岛作为一个大脑加工厌恶情绪的可能定位,那么神经重用理论将预测,厌恶内容的词汇将快速激活这个结构。传统理论可能不会预测前脑岛的激活,但是会预测经典阅读网络的激活。为了验证情绪词汇的加工到底遵循的是何种理论,我们进行了一系列的实验研究。研究一是行为实验,让被试看汉语词汇,并迅速做出判断它是厌恶词汇还是中性词汇。若是厌恶词汇,右手食指按鼠标左键反应;若是中性词汇,右手中指按鼠标右键反应。记录被试对中性词汇和厌恶词汇的反应时。如果厌恶词汇的反应时少于中性词汇,那么被试加工词汇时,情绪加工相比其他加工要更早。研究二是脑电实验,要求被试看汉语词汇,并迅速判断呈现的词汇是否为交通工具。如果是交通工具右手食指按键盘“Y”键反应,如果不是不做反应。这样让厌恶词汇和中性词汇处于同等的抑制加工水平,记录被试的脑波和行为数据。如果在这种不加注意的情况下,被试对厌恶词汇的反应早于400ms,并与中性词汇有显著差异,那么,可以间接证明对词汇的情绪加工早于意义加工。结果发现:(1)词汇本身所携带的情绪信息显著地影响我们对词汇的判断.(2)对厌恶词汇的加工要明显快于对中性词汇的加工,即对情绪词汇的加工相比中性词汇的加工有优势。(3)对情绪词汇的情绪反应要早于对其意义的加工。(4)对情绪词汇的加工,它遵循的是神经重用理论的观点。(5)汉语的厌恶词汇激活皮质所需的时间比法语的厌恶词汇激活皮质所需的时间短。
[Abstract]:Different theories have different views on the processing of emotional vocabulary. According to the traditional theory, the emotional response to vocabulary comes from reading itself, which is the activation of abstract semantics. That is to say, when we read, we must first understand the meaning of words, and then produce corresponding emotions. In contrast, the emerging theory of neural reuse suggests that the brain region is involved in processing emotional information about various stimuli (faces, pictures, smells), as well as processing the emotional information of words. In other words, brain regions are directly involved in processing emotional information. The point of view of neural reuse assumes that recently acquired cognitive functions (such as language) are not new network products, but originated from the recombination of "ancient" components, which also participate in other cognitive functions. According to this view, emotional vocabulary activates areas of the brain outside the classic reading network (such as the amygdala, the islands, and the prefrontal cortex), and the regions that process emotions are not areas of reading. So when the emotional vocabulary is processed needs to be further explored. A particular emotion-disgust. Select Chinese words that can arouse people's aversion. If we use the forebrain island as a possible location for the brain to process aversion, then the neural reuse theory will predict that the vocabulary of aversion content will quickly activate this structure. Conventional theory may not predict activation of forebrain islands, but may predict activation of classic reading networks. In order to verify the theory of emotional vocabulary processing, we conducted a series of experimental studies. The first is behavioral experiment, which allows people to look at Chinese words and quickly decide whether they are disgust or neutral. If disgust words, the right index finger by the left mouse button response; if neutral words, right-handed reaction. The responses to neutral and disgust words were recorded. If the reaction time of disgust words was less than that of neutral words, emotional processing was earlier than other processing. The second is EEG experiment, which requires Chinese words to be tried and whether the words presented are vehicles or not. If it is the right index finger of the vehicle press the keyboard "Y" key response, if not do not react. This puts aversion and neutral words at the same level of inhibition processing, recording brain waves and behavioral data. If the response to disgust was earlier than 400 msand significantly different from that of neutral words, it could be indirectly proved that the emotional processing of vocabulary was earlier than the processing of meaning. The results were as follows: (1) the emotional information carried by vocabulary itself significantly affected our judgment of vocabulary. (2) the processing of disgust words was faster than that of neutral words. That is, the processing of emotional vocabulary is superior to that of neutral vocabulary. (3) emotional reaction to emotional vocabulary is earlier than processing of its meaning. (4) processing of emotional vocabulary, It follows the theory of neural reusability. (5) the time required for the activation of the cortex in Chinese is shorter than that of the cortex in French.
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6
本文编号：2207092
[Abstract]:Different theories have different views on the processing of emotional vocabulary. According to the traditional theory, the emotional response to vocabulary comes from reading itself, which is the activation of abstract semantics. That is to say, when we read, we must first understand the meaning of words, and then produce corresponding emotions. In contrast, the emerging theory of neural reuse suggests that the brain region is involved in processing emotional information about various stimuli (faces, pictures, smells), as well as processing the emotional information of words. In other words, brain regions are directly involved in processing emotional information. The point of view of neural reuse assumes that recently acquired cognitive functions (such as language) are not new network products, but originated from the recombination of "ancient" components, which also participate in other cognitive functions. According to this view, emotional vocabulary activates areas of the brain outside the classic reading network (such as the amygdala, the islands, and the prefrontal cortex), and the regions that process emotions are not areas of reading. So when the emotional vocabulary is processed needs to be further explored. A particular emotion-disgust. Select Chinese words that can arouse people's aversion. If we use the forebrain island as a possible location for the brain to process aversion, then the neural reuse theory will predict that the vocabulary of aversion content will quickly activate this structure. Conventional theory may not predict activation of forebrain islands, but may predict activation of classic reading networks. In order to verify the theory of emotional vocabulary processing, we conducted a series of experimental studies. The first is behavioral experiment, which allows people to look at Chinese words and quickly decide whether they are disgust or neutral. If disgust words, the right index finger by the left mouse button response; if neutral words, right-handed reaction. The responses to neutral and disgust words were recorded. If the reaction time of disgust words was less than that of neutral words, emotional processing was earlier than other processing. The second is EEG experiment, which requires Chinese words to be tried and whether the words presented are vehicles or not. If it is the right index finger of the vehicle press the keyboard "Y" key response, if not do not react. This puts aversion and neutral words at the same level of inhibition processing, recording brain waves and behavioral data. If the response to disgust was earlier than 400 msand significantly different from that of neutral words, it could be indirectly proved that the emotional processing of vocabulary was earlier than the processing of meaning. The results were as follows: (1) the emotional information carried by vocabulary itself significantly affected our judgment of vocabulary. (2) the processing of disgust words was faster than that of neutral words. That is, the processing of emotional vocabulary is superior to that of neutral vocabulary. (3) emotional reaction to emotional vocabulary is earlier than processing of its meaning. (4) processing of emotional vocabulary, It follows the theory of neural reusability. (5) the time required for the activation of the cortex in Chinese is shorter than that of the cortex in French.
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6
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