自闭症谱系障碍儿童场景加工时双眼注视点间距的鉴别价值
发布时间：2018-09-01 13:51
【摘要】：自闭症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD)是一组严重影响儿童身心健康发展的神经发育障碍,其核心症状是社会交往和沟通能力障碍、重复刻板的兴趣、动作或行为。视觉是我们从环境中获取信息的主要通道,双眼视觉是人类对认识环境的一种最完善的适应表现,其中,在双眼视觉的平面融像(flat fusion)中双眼起着重要的作用,双眼融像(binocular fusion)是将各眼的像融合成单一物像的过程,双眼融像效果好,有助于进行更深层次的信息加工。为了探究ASD儿童场景加工时双眼融像的特点,预实验,选取3~6岁的26名正常儿童,让他们自由观看事先拍摄并处理好的12段视频,通过采集眼动追踪数据,获取正常儿童观看视频时的注视点个数,通过比较各视频上的注视点个数,以确定不同复杂度的场景视频作为正式实验的视频材料。结果发现,12段视频上的注视点个数存在显著差异,考虑到视频材料复杂度的稳定性,本研究确定正式实验材料为物体场景中只有1个物体的场景(简单物体场景)、只有3个物体的场景(复杂物体场景);非社交场景中只有1个人物且无互动的场景(简单非社交场景)、只有3个人物且无互动的场景(复杂社交场景);社交场景中只有1对人物且有互动的场景(简单社交场景)、只有3对人物且有互动的场景(复杂社交场景)。研究一,选取了3~6岁的22名ASD儿童和23名正常儿童为被试,让他们自由观看预实验中选取出的6段视频。通过采集眼动追踪数据,获取两组儿童在观看视频过程中双眼的注视点间距(Distance of Binoculus Gaze Point,DBGP)指标进行比较说明。结果发现,(1)自闭症儿童的双眼注视点间距显著大于正常儿童的双眼注视点间距且具有跨场景的稳定性;(2)在不同场景上,双眼注视点间距具有中等或中等以上的鉴别价值,而且,在复杂社交场景上,双眼注视点间距具有较高且稳定的鉴别价值;(3)具体的视频内容分析显示,在画面呈现旋转物体、人物细微动作、人物面孔、人物张大嘴巴、人物大笑内容时,ASD儿童的双眼注视点间距减小,双眼融像效果较好而面对复杂社交场景时,ASD儿童的双眼注视点间距出现持续增大的现象,说明ASD儿童双眼注视点间距受到视频具体画面内容的影响。研究二,让研究一的被试自由观看从研究一视频中截取出的12张图片。通过采集眼动追踪数据,获取两组儿童在观看图片过程中双眼的注视点间距指标,重点考察刺激材料为图片时,ASD儿童场景加工时双眼融像的特点。结果发现,(1)自闭症儿童的双眼注视点间距显著大于正常儿童的双眼注视点间距且具有跨场景的稳定性;(2)在不同场景上,双眼注视点间距均具有较低的鉴别价值。本研究表明,自闭症儿童的双眼融像存在一定缺陷,被试观看动态场景时的双眼注视点间距具有跨场景类别的鉴别价值,而观看静态场景图片时双眼注视点间距的鉴别价值较低。
[Abstract]:Autism spectrum disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that seriously affect the development of children's physical and mental health. Its core symptoms are social interaction and communication ability, repetitive interest, action, or behavior. Vision is the main way for us to obtain information from the environment. Binocular vision is the most perfect performance of human adaptation to the understanding of the environment, in which binocular vision plays an important role in the plane fusion of binocular vision like (flat fusion). Binocular fusion image (binocular fusion) is a process of merging each eye image into a single object image. In order to explore the characteristics of binocular fusion in ASD children's scene processing, 26 normal children aged 3 or 6 years were selected to watch 12 videos taken and processed in advance, and to collect eye movement tracking data. The number of fixation points of normal children watching video is obtained and the number of fixation points on each video is compared to determine the scene video with different complexity as the video material of the formal experiment. The results show that there are significant differences in the number of fixation points in 12 video sequences, and considering the stability of video material complexity, In this study, the formal experimental materials were identified as the scene with only one object in the object scene (simple object scene), the scene with only three objects (the complex object scene), and the scene with only one character and no interaction in the non-social scene. (simple non-social scene), with only three characters and no interaction (complex social scene); social scene with only 1 pair of characters and interactive scene (simple social scene), and only 3 pairs of characters with interactive scene (complex social scene). In the first study, 22 ASD children aged 3 to 6 years and 23 normal children were selected as subjects, and they were given the freedom to watch the six videos selected in the pre-experiment. Through the acquisition of eye movement tracking data, the two groups of children's binocular fixation point spacing (Distance of Binoculus Gaze Point,DBGP) indexes were compared and explained in the course of watching video. The results showed that (1) the distance between binocular fixation points in autistic children was significantly larger than that in normal children and had stability across different scenes. In the complex social scene, the distance between binocular fixation points has high and stable discriminant value. (3) the detailed video content analysis shows that, in the picture, the rotating object, the subtle movement of the character, the face of the character, the open mouth of the character, When the characters laugh, the distance between the binocular fixation points of ASD children decreases, the binocular fusion effect is better, and the binocular fixation point spacing of ASD children increases continuously in the face of complex social scenes. The results showed that the distance between binocular fixation points of ASD children was affected by the video content. In study 2, subjects in study 1 were given the freedom to view 12 images taken from a video of the study. By collecting eye movement tracking data, the binocular fixation point spacing index of two groups of children in the process of viewing pictures was obtained, and the characteristics of binocular fusion in the processing of ASD children's scene were mainly investigated when the stimulus material was a picture. The results showed that (1) the distance between binocular fixation points of autistic children was significantly larger than that of normal children, and the binocular fixation points were stable across scenes; (2) the binocular fixation point spacing was of low value in different scenes. This study shows that the binocular fusion of autistic children has some defects, and the distance between binocular fixation points of subjects watching dynamic scenes has the value of cross-scene classification. However, the distance between binocular fixation points is lower when viewing static scene images.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
[Abstract]:Autism spectrum disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that seriously affect the development of children's physical and mental health. Its core symptoms are social interaction and communication ability, repetitive interest, action, or behavior. Vision is the main way for us to obtain information from the environment. Binocular vision is the most perfect performance of human adaptation to the understanding of the environment, in which binocular vision plays an important role in the plane fusion of binocular vision like (flat fusion). Binocular fusion image (binocular fusion) is a process of merging each eye image into a single object image. In order to explore the characteristics of binocular fusion in ASD children's scene processing, 26 normal children aged 3 or 6 years were selected to watch 12 videos taken and processed in advance, and to collect eye movement tracking data. The number of fixation points of normal children watching video is obtained and the number of fixation points on each video is compared to determine the scene video with different complexity as the video material of the formal experiment. The results show that there are significant differences in the number of fixation points in 12 video sequences, and considering the stability of video material complexity, In this study, the formal experimental materials were identified as the scene with only one object in the object scene (simple object scene), the scene with only three objects (the complex object scene), and the scene with only one character and no interaction in the non-social scene. (simple non-social scene), with only three characters and no interaction (complex social scene); social scene with only 1 pair of characters and interactive scene (simple social scene), and only 3 pairs of characters with interactive scene (complex social scene). In the first study, 22 ASD children aged 3 to 6 years and 23 normal children were selected as subjects, and they were given the freedom to watch the six videos selected in the pre-experiment. Through the acquisition of eye movement tracking data, the two groups of children's binocular fixation point spacing (Distance of Binoculus Gaze Point,DBGP) indexes were compared and explained in the course of watching video. The results showed that (1) the distance between binocular fixation points in autistic children was significantly larger than that in normal children and had stability across different scenes. In the complex social scene, the distance between binocular fixation points has high and stable discriminant value. (3) the detailed video content analysis shows that, in the picture, the rotating object, the subtle movement of the character, the face of the character, the open mouth of the character, When the characters laugh, the distance between the binocular fixation points of ASD children decreases, the binocular fusion effect is better, and the binocular fixation point spacing of ASD children increases continuously in the face of complex social scenes. The results showed that the distance between binocular fixation points of ASD children was affected by the video content. In study 2, subjects in study 1 were given the freedom to view 12 images taken from a video of the study. By collecting eye movement tracking data, the binocular fixation point spacing index of two groups of children in the process of viewing pictures was obtained, and the characteristics of binocular fusion in the processing of ASD children's scene were mainly investigated when the stimulus material was a picture. The results showed that (1) the distance between binocular fixation points of autistic children was significantly larger than that of normal children, and the binocular fixation points were stable across scenes; (2) the binocular fixation point spacing was of low value in different scenes. This study shows that the binocular fusion of autistic children has some defects, and the distance between binocular fixation points of subjects watching dynamic scenes has the value of cross-scene classification. However, the distance between binocular fixation points is lower when viewing static scene images.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
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