情境与人格特质对短期音乐偏好的影响
发布时间：2018-09-07 07:35
【摘要】：音乐是一种跨文化的、普遍的、无处不在的活动。人们会对音乐表现出不同的偏好,但对音乐偏好的心理结构和影响因素知之甚少。以往的音乐偏好研究大多在实验室条件下进行,但实验室情境难以诱发足够真实的音乐情绪体验。Pavelchak等人(Pavelchak,Antil,Munch,1988)认为情境是情绪体验的一个组成部分,在实验室研究中得到的结果需要在外部环境中验证。因此我们有必要研究情境中的音乐偏好以及情境对音乐偏好的影响。从互动理论(interaction theories)角度看,音乐偏好能反映个体的人格特征。以往的研究证实了个体的人格特质与其长期的、稳定的音乐偏好之间存在着显著的相关性,但尚未明确人格特质与短暂的、依赖于当前情境的音乐偏好之间是否也存在类似的关系。本文基于中国文化背景和日常聆听音乐的生活情境,以及国内人群所接触的音乐类型和所具有的音乐情绪体验,探究情境与人格特质对短期音乐偏好的影响。研究1招募了 470名被试,采用中文简化版PAD情绪量表,给每位被试随机分配11种情境中的一种,让被试对该情境的愉悦度、唤醒度、优势度进行评分。结果表明各情境在愉悦度、唤醒度、优势度上的评分有显著差异,PAD情绪状态模型可以作为情境分类标准,并给情境归类。研究2根据192名被试在随机分配的情境下对音乐风格喜欢程度的评分,测量出音乐偏好,将评分进行探索性因子分析,构建了音乐偏好五维模型,五个因子分别是"治愈"、"唤醒"、"传统"、"忧伤"、"超然",五个因子代表音乐风格的五个维度。音乐风格包括具体的音乐类型(如流行乐、古典乐、爵士乐等)和音乐中所表达出来的情绪(如悲伤的、快乐的等)。研究3根据另一批192名被试在特定情境下的情绪属性评分和大五人格特质评分,考察情境与人格特质对短期音乐偏好影响作用,并检验人口统计学变量对情境与音乐偏好间关系的干扰作用。结果发现情境对音乐偏好有主导影响,大五人格特质与音乐偏好的相关性在具体情境下大部分都不显著,且人口统计学变量不具干扰效应。本研究得出以下结论:(1)PAD情绪状态模型可作为情境的分类标准;(2)构建了短期音乐偏好五维模型,五个维度分别是"治愈"、"唤醒"、"传统"、"忧伤"、"超然";(3)情境、人格特质与短期音乐偏好三者的关系为:情境对音乐偏好产生主导影响;以往研究所显示的大五人格特质与音乐偏好的显著相关性在具体情境中大部分都被减弱,其中只有宜人性和严谨性对短期音乐偏好的"传统"维度有影响。(4)性别、年龄、音乐专业知识对情境与音乐偏好的关系不具调节作用。年龄能影响"传统"维度上的短期音乐偏好。
[Abstract]:Music is a cross-cultural, universal, ubiquitous activity. People may show different preferences for music, but little is known about the psychological structure and influencing factors of music preference. In the past, most of the music preference studies were carried out in the laboratory, but it was difficult to induce enough real musical emotional experience. Pavelchak et al. (Pavelchak,Antil,Munch,1988) thought that the situation was a part of the emotional experience. Results obtained in laboratory studies need to be validated in an external environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the music preference in the situation and the influence of the situation on the music preference. From the perspective of interaction theory (interaction theories), music preference can reflect the personality characteristics of individuals. Previous studies have confirmed that there is a significant correlation between individual personality traits and their long-term, stable musical preferences, but there is no clear relationship between personality traits and transients. Whether there is a similar relationship between musical preferences that depend on the current situation. Based on the Chinese cultural background and daily listening to music, as well as the types of music and the musical emotional experience, this paper explores the influence of the situation and personality traits on the short-term music preference. In study 1, 470 subjects were recruited, and one of 11 situations was randomly assigned to each of the subjects by using the simplified Chinese version of the PAD emotional scale. The subjects were asked to rate the pleasure, arousal, and dominance of the situation. The results showed that there were significant differences in the scores of pleasurable, arousal and dominance of each situation. The pad emotional state model could be used as the classification standard of situation and classified the situation. In study 2, according to 192 subjects' score of music style liking degree under randomly assigned situation, the music preference was measured, and the score was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, and a five-dimensional model of music preference was constructed. The five factors are healing, arousal, tradition, sadness, transcendence, and five factors represent the five dimensions of musical style. Musical styles include specific types of music (such as pop, classical, jazz, etc.) and emotions expressed in music (such as sadness, joy, etc.). According to the scores of emotional attributes and Big five personality traits of another group of 192 subjects, the effects of situation and personality traits on short-term music preference were investigated. And test the influence of demographic variables on the relationship between situation and music preference. The results showed that the situation had the dominant influence on the music preference. The correlation between the personality traits of Big five and the music preference was not significant in the specific situation, and the demographics had no interference effect. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the PAD emotional state model can be used as the classification standard of the situation; (2) the five-dimensional model of short-term music preference is constructed, the five dimensions are "healing", "arousal", "tradition", "sadness", "transcendence", (3) situation, The relationship between personality trait and short-term music preference is as follows: the situation has the dominant influence on music preference, and the significant correlation between Big five personality trait and music preference has been weakened in the specific situation. Among them, only suitably human nature and preciseness have influence on the "traditional" dimension of short-term music preference. (4) gender, age and music professional knowledge have no effect on the relationship between situation and music preference. Age can influence short-term musical preferences in the "traditional" dimension.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848
本文编号：2227622
[Abstract]:Music is a cross-cultural, universal, ubiquitous activity. People may show different preferences for music, but little is known about the psychological structure and influencing factors of music preference. In the past, most of the music preference studies were carried out in the laboratory, but it was difficult to induce enough real musical emotional experience. Pavelchak et al. (Pavelchak,Antil,Munch,1988) thought that the situation was a part of the emotional experience. Results obtained in laboratory studies need to be validated in an external environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the music preference in the situation and the influence of the situation on the music preference. From the perspective of interaction theory (interaction theories), music preference can reflect the personality characteristics of individuals. Previous studies have confirmed that there is a significant correlation between individual personality traits and their long-term, stable musical preferences, but there is no clear relationship between personality traits and transients. Whether there is a similar relationship between musical preferences that depend on the current situation. Based on the Chinese cultural background and daily listening to music, as well as the types of music and the musical emotional experience, this paper explores the influence of the situation and personality traits on the short-term music preference. In study 1, 470 subjects were recruited, and one of 11 situations was randomly assigned to each of the subjects by using the simplified Chinese version of the PAD emotional scale. The subjects were asked to rate the pleasure, arousal, and dominance of the situation. The results showed that there were significant differences in the scores of pleasurable, arousal and dominance of each situation. The pad emotional state model could be used as the classification standard of situation and classified the situation. In study 2, according to 192 subjects' score of music style liking degree under randomly assigned situation, the music preference was measured, and the score was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, and a five-dimensional model of music preference was constructed. The five factors are healing, arousal, tradition, sadness, transcendence, and five factors represent the five dimensions of musical style. Musical styles include specific types of music (such as pop, classical, jazz, etc.) and emotions expressed in music (such as sadness, joy, etc.). According to the scores of emotional attributes and Big five personality traits of another group of 192 subjects, the effects of situation and personality traits on short-term music preference were investigated. And test the influence of demographic variables on the relationship between situation and music preference. The results showed that the situation had the dominant influence on the music preference. The correlation between the personality traits of Big five and the music preference was not significant in the specific situation, and the demographics had no interference effect. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the PAD emotional state model can be used as the classification standard of the situation; (2) the five-dimensional model of short-term music preference is constructed, the five dimensions are "healing", "arousal", "tradition", "sadness", "transcendence", (3) situation, The relationship between personality trait and short-term music preference is as follows: the situation has the dominant influence on music preference, and the significant correlation between Big five personality trait and music preference has been weakened in the specific situation. Among them, only suitably human nature and preciseness have influence on the "traditional" dimension of short-term music preference. (4) gender, age and music professional knowledge have no effect on the relationship between situation and music preference. Age can influence short-term musical preferences in the "traditional" dimension.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848
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