同伴文化社会化对傣族青少年文化适应的影响：民族认同的中介作用

发布时间：2018-09-18 15:44

【摘要】：文化社会化指青少年学习一种文化并发展对该文化群体的归属感的过程,对青少年传承民族文化,发展民族文化十分重要。家庭中的父母、学校与生活中的同伴是青少年文化社会化信息的重要传递者,但已有研究主要考察父母对子女的文化社会化,对同伴的文化社会化关注较少。本研究以云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州的傣族青少年为研究对象,通过编制傣族青少年同伴文化社会化问卷,调查傣族青少年同伴文化社会化的结构特征、发生情境。由于社会文化的变迁加之民族身份的凸显性,少数民族青少年面临着较为突出的民族认同和文化适应问题。本研究进一步探索同伴文化社会化与民族认同、文化适应的关系模型,揭示同伴文化社会化对傣族青少年民族认同、学校文化适应的影响路径。研究一考察我国傣族青少年同伴文化社会化的信息类型及发生情境,初步建构傣族青少年同伴文化社会化的维度,为研究二编制正式问卷提供参考。以193名傣族初中生和41名傣族大学生为研究对象,进行开放式问卷调查。内容分析表明:傣族青少年同伴文化社会化包含文化符号、文化态度和文化行为三个类型,包含了民族标志物、族群历史、民族艺术、民族语言文字历法、族群习俗、族群价值观、族群人格七个方面的内容。其发生情境主要包括临近节日、民族身份意识激发、好奇探索和文化差异讨论四种,其中民族意识激发、好奇探索分别与临近节日情境之间存在相互伴随发生的现象。研究二采用自编的《傣族青少年同伴文化社会化问卷》、Phinney的《多维度民族认同量表》,对434名傣族初中生进行调查,有效样本434名。将数据随机分成两半进行因素分析。探索性因素分析结果表明,傣族青少年同伴文化社会化包括文化符号、文化态度、族群历史知识和文化行为四个因子,因子贡献率为64.59%。验证性因素分析结果证明,四个因子构成的傣族青少年同伴文化社会化问卷与实际数据的拟合指数达到了心理测量学要求。傣族青少年同伴文化社会化问卷的总分与民族认同量表总分的相关系数r的值为0.591。问卷各维度及总问卷的克伦巴赫系数α在0.739~0.856之间。研究三采用《傣族青少年同伴文化社会化问卷》、《多维度民族认同量表》和《傣族青少年文化适应问卷》考察傣族同伴文化社会化与民族认同、文化适应的关系。结果表明:(1)傣族青少年同伴文化社会化的传递频次总体较高;(2)同伴文化社会化及其各维度均与民族认同及其各维度之间存在显著的正相关;文化社会化与文化适应及其各维度也表现出显著的正相关。文化社会化各维度均与文化适应各维度之间存在正相关,但汉语熟悉程度与文化态度、民族认同获得之间的相关系数较低,且未达到显著水平。(3)同伴文化社会化对傣族青少年文化适应的直接影响路径不显著,民族认同在同伴文化社会化影响文化适应中发挥完全中介作用。综上所述,本研究主要得出以下结论:(1)傣族青少年同伴文化社会化具有文化符号、文化态度、族群历史知识四个维度。(2)所编制的《傣族青少年同伴文化社会化问卷》达到心理测量学的要求,可用于考察傣族青少年的同伴文化社会化。(3)同伴文化社会化对傣族青少年的文化适应具有积极的影响,民族认同在同伴文化社会化对文化适应的影响中发挥完全中介作用。同伴文化社会化通过促进傣族青少年的民族认同从而增进其文化适应的程度。
[Abstract]:Cultural socialization refers to the process in which teenagers learn a culture and develop a sense of belonging to the cultural group. It is very important for teenagers to inherit national culture and develop national culture. In this study, the Dai youth in Dehong Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province as the research object, through the preparation of the Dai youth peer culture socialization questionnaire, to investigate the Dai youth peer culture socialization structure characteristics, occurrence situation. This study further explores the relationship model between peer culture socialization and ethnic identity, cultural adaptation, and reveals the impact path of peer culture socialization on ethnic identity and school cultural adaptation of Dai youth. This paper investigates the information types and occurrence situation of Dai youth peer culture socialization in China, preliminarily constructs the dimension of Dai youth peer culture socialization, and provides a reference for the second study. 193 Dai junior middle school students and 41 Dai university students are selected as the research objects to conduct open-ended questionnaire survey. Content analysis shows that: Dai youth culture socialization is an important part of Dai youth. The cultural socialization of juvenile companions includes three types: cultural symbols, cultural attitudes and cultural behaviors, which include seven aspects: national symbols, ethnic history, ethnic art, ethnic language calendar, ethnic customs, ethnic values and ethnic personality. There are four types of cultural differences discussed by Soho, among which the national consciousness is stimulated and the curiosity exploration is accompanied by the festival situation. In the second study, 43 Dai junior middle school students were investigated by using the self-compiled Dai Youth Peer Culture Socialization Questionnaire and Phinney's Multidimensional Ethnic Identity Scale. The data were randomly divided into two parts for factor analysis. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the cultural socialization of Dai adolescents included four factors: cultural symbols, cultural attitudes, ethnic history knowledge and cultural behavior. The factor contribution rate was 64.59%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four factors constituted the Dai adolescents'peer essays. The correlation coefficient r between the total score of the Dai Youth Peer Culture Socialization Questionnaire and the total score of the Ethnic Identity Scale was 0.591. The results show that: (1) The frequency of transmission of Dai youth peer culture socialization is generally higher; (2) Peer culture socialization and its dimensions are related to ethnic identity and cultural adaptation. The dimensions of cultural socialization are positively correlated with the dimensions of cultural adaptation, but the correlation between Chinese familiarity and cultural attitudes, and ethnic identity acquisition is low and not significant. (3) The direct impact of peer culture socialization on the cultural adaptation of Dai adolescents is not significant. Ethnic identity plays a completely mediating role in the influence of peer culture socialization on cultural adaptation. Four dimensions of knowledge. (2) The Dai Youth Peer Culture Socialization Questionnaire meets the requirements of psychometrics and can be used to investigate the Dai Youth Peer Culture Socialization. (3) Peer Culture Socialization has a positive impact on the Dai Youth's cultural adaptation, and ethnic identity has a positive impact on the Dai Youth's cultural adaptation. Peer culture socialization promotes Dai adolescents'cultural adaptation by promoting their national identity.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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