希望能否影响社会支持？一项纵向研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 20:16

【摘要】：希望是一项积极的心理品质,对维持身心健康、矫正行为、促进适应和激发成长等方面均有积极的影响。希望又分为特质性希望和状态性希望,但都由路径思维和动力思维两部分组成。社会支持也是一个对个体的身心健康以及幸福感等方面有着积极影响的概念,其可分为客观支持和主观支持。有大量研究表明希望和社会支持存在显著正相关,并且这些研究多以社会支持影响希望特质的方式建模。虽然也有学者认为在社会支持提高希望水平之后,后者能反过来影响前者,但目前并没有实证证据的支持。况且,如果像以往的研究那样只采用横断研究的方式,即使把社会支持和希望交换位置后进行建模也取得了良好的拟合效果,结论也不会具有太大的说服力。因而有必要采取纵向的方式进行研究。本研究采用两个研究对这两者的关系进行检验。研究一是修订《儿童及青少年社会支持量表》,作为纵向研究中社会支持的测量工具。研究二是纵向研究,选取了来自同一所寄宿中学、刚入学的高一新生作为研究对象,在学期初、学期中以及学期末对其进行了3次调查并建立交叉滞后模型来考察希望和社会支持之间的作用关系。结果表明:(1)修订的《儿童及青少年社会支持量表》具有良好的信效度,可作为我国青少年社会支持测量的有效工具。(2)一般的希望特质和社交领域中的希望特质呈显著正相关。(3)交往意向调查显示大部分调查对象均表示愿意与具备希望特质的人交往。(4)希望特质分别与同学支持、好友支持和老师支持建立三个3时间点的交叉滞后模型,三个模型均显示在T1和T2之间,希望与这三种支持均不能相互预测;在T2和T3之间,T2的希望能正向预测T3的三种社会支持,但T2的三种社会支持不能预测T3的希望。这表明希望特质能对社会支持产生影响。
[Abstract]:Hope is a positive psychological quality, which has a positive effect on maintaining physical and mental health, correcting behavior, promoting adaptation and stimulating growth. Hope is divided into idiosyncratic hope and state hope, but both consist of path thinking and dynamic thinking. Social support is also a concept that has a positive impact on the physical and mental health and well-being of individuals, which can be divided into objective support and subjective support. A large number of studies have shown that there is a significant positive correlation between hope and social support, and most of these studies are modelled in a way that social support influences the trait of hope. Although some scholars believe that the latter can influence the former in turn after the social support improves the level of hope, there is no empirical evidence to support the latter. Moreover, if only the cross-sectional research is adopted as in the previous studies, the conclusion will not be too convincing even if the model is modeled after the social support and the desire to exchange positions are obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to take a longitudinal approach to the study. This study uses two studies to test the relationship between the two. The first study was to revise the Social support scale for Children and adolescents as a measuring tool for social support in the longitudinal study. The second is a longitudinal study, which selected freshmen from the same boarding school who had just entered a senior high school as the subjects of the study. At the beginning of the semester, During and at the end of the semester, three investigations were conducted and a cross-lag model was established to investigate the relationship between hope and social support. The results showed that: (1) the revised Social support scale for Children and adolescents had good reliability and validity. It can be used as an effective tool to measure the social support of adolescents in China. (2) there is a significant positive correlation between the general trait of hope and the trait of hope in the social field. (3) the survey of communication intention shows that most of the respondents express their willingness to have hope. (4) hoping that the trait will be supported by the students, Friends support and teachers support the establishment of three three-point cross-lag model, the three models are shown between T1 and T2, and the three support can not predict each other; The hope of T _ 2 between T _ 2 and T _ 3 can positively predict the three kinds of social support of T _ 3, but the three kinds of social support of T _ 2 can not predict the hope of T _ 3. This suggests that the trait of hope has an impact on social support.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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